2011 |
Jarvis, J; Coulson, J; Fisher, A; Fisher, L Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_027, title = {The cellular response of skeletal muscle in the first week after a change in activity: clues to signalling pathways whose responses may inform stimulation regimes and improve functional outcomes}, author = {J Jarvis and J Coulson and A Fisher and L Fisher}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_027_Jarvis.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {027}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {The outcome of all FES is determined to some extent by the properties of the skeletal muscles that are the effectors. Muscle cells change their properties in response to changes in activity: both the stimulation used to prepare the muscle for FES and the subsequent functional use of the muscle affect the protein expression within the stimulated muscle cells. Transcriptional analysis of muscle samples taken at various times after the initiation of stimulation and with various pattern of stimulation can reveal the signalling pathways that are invoked by changes in activity, and the progressive change in protein expression that underlie the desired increases in strength and endurance. Understanding the cellular response of the muscle may allow us to create models of the response space and potentially to optimise the pattern of delivery of stimulation to maximise benefit and minimise inconvenience.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } The outcome of all FES is determined to some extent by the properties of the skeletal muscles that are the effectors. Muscle cells change their properties in response to changes in activity: both the stimulation used to prepare the muscle for FES and the subsequent functional use of the muscle affect the protein expression within the stimulated muscle cells. Transcriptional analysis of muscle samples taken at various times after the initiation of stimulation and with various pattern of stimulation can reveal the signalling pathways that are invoked by changes in activity, and the progressive change in protein expression that underlie the desired increases in strength and endurance. Understanding the cellular response of the muscle may allow us to create models of the response space and potentially to optimise the pattern of delivery of stimulation to maximise benefit and minimise inconvenience. |
Lonys, L; Hiernaux, M; Cauche, N; Deviere, J; Vanhoest, A; Mathys, P; Nonclercq, A Challenges for the design of an endoscopically implanted electrostimulator Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_014, title = {Challenges for the design of an endoscopically implanted electrostimulator}, author = {L Lonys and M Hiernaux and N Cauche and J Deviere and A Vanhoest and P Mathys and A Nonclercq}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_014_Lonys.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {014}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Gastrointestinal stimulator implants have recently shown positive results in helping obese patients to achieve healthier nutrition. However, to place the implant, the patient currently needs to go through a surgical procedure. Endoscopic implantation has the benefit over laparoscopies and bariatric surgeries to be non-invasive. It could be used to place the gastric stimulator in the stomach. However, the implant then needs to go through the oesophagus, which implies new constrains on the size and the weight of the device. This paper presents a project that aims to design such an implant and assess the electrical and mechanical challenges involved in such a design.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Gastrointestinal stimulator implants have recently shown positive results in helping obese patients to achieve healthier nutrition. However, to place the implant, the patient currently needs to go through a surgical procedure. Endoscopic implantation has the benefit over laparoscopies and bariatric surgeries to be non-invasive. It could be used to place the gastric stimulator in the stomach. However, the implant then needs to go through the oesophagus, which implies new constrains on the size and the weight of the device. This paper presents a project that aims to design such an implant and assess the electrical and mechanical challenges involved in such a design. |
Goodarzi, B; Kumar, C Comparative review of weight loss methods in overweight People Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_018, title = {Comparative review of weight loss methods in overweight People}, author = {B Goodarzi and C Kumar}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_018_Goodarzi.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {018}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Obesity is a serious and very common world health problem. The American Heart Association announced the addition of obesity to its list of major risk factors that people can control to prevent death and disability from coronary heart disease. Over the past decade, the prevalence of obesity has increased at an alarming rate in the United States and in other developed countries around the world. In fact, the World Health Organization has acknowledged that there is a "global epidemic of obesity. This review studied the common methods of weight control and weight loss to give the readers an idea to deal with this important concept scientifically. In this direction, diet, medication and exercise methods investigated and we concluded that a combination method comprising all method works efficiently.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Obesity is a serious and very common world health problem. The American Heart Association announced the addition of obesity to its list of major risk factors that people can control to prevent death and disability from coronary heart disease. Over the past decade, the prevalence of obesity has increased at an alarming rate in the United States and in other developed countries around the world. In fact, the World Health Organization has acknowledged that there is a "global epidemic of obesity. This review studied the common methods of weight control and weight loss to give the readers an idea to deal with this important concept scientifically. In this direction, diet, medication and exercise methods investigated and we concluded that a combination method comprising all method works efficiently. |
Medalha, C; Amorim, B; Renno, A C Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_039, title = {Comparison of the Effects of Electrical Field Stimulation and Low-Level Laser Therapy on Bone Loss in Spinal Cord-Injured Rats}, author = {C Medalha and B Amorim and A C Renno}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_039_Medalha.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {039}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Objective: This study investigated the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and electrical stimulation (ES) on bone loss in spinal cord–injured rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-seven male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: standard control group (CG), spinal cord-injured control (SC), spinal cord-injured treated with laser (SCL, GaAlAs, 830 nm, CW, 30mW/cm, 250 J/cm2), and spinal cord-injured treated with electrical field stimulation (SCE, 1.5 MHz, 1:4 duty cycles, 30 mW, 20 min). Biomechanical, densitometric, and morphometric analyses were performed. Results: SC rats showed a significant decrease in bone mass, biomechanical properties, and morphometric parameters (versus CG). SCE rats showed significantly higher values of inner diameter and internal and external areas of tibia diaphyses, and the SCL group showed a trend toward the same result (versus SC). No increase was found in either mechanical or densitometric parameters. Conclusion: We conclude that the mentioned treatments were able to initiate a positive bone-tissue response, maybe through stimulation of osteoblasts, which was able to determine the observed morphometric modifications. However, the evoked tissue response could not determine either biomechanical or densitometric modifications.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Objective: This study investigated the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and electrical stimulation (ES) on bone loss in spinal cord–injured rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-seven male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: standard control group (CG), spinal cord-injured control (SC), spinal cord-injured treated with laser (SCL, GaAlAs, 830 nm, CW, 30mW/cm, 250 J/cm2), and spinal cord-injured treated with electrical field stimulation (SCE, 1.5 MHz, 1:4 duty cycles, 30 mW, 20 min). Biomechanical, densitometric, and morphometric analyses were performed. Results: SC rats showed a significant decrease in bone mass, biomechanical properties, and morphometric parameters (versus CG). SCE rats showed significantly higher values of inner diameter and internal and external areas of tibia diaphyses, and the SCL group showed a trend toward the same result (versus SC). No increase was found in either mechanical or densitometric parameters. Conclusion: We conclude that the mentioned treatments were able to initiate a positive bone-tissue response, maybe through stimulation of osteoblasts, which was able to determine the observed morphometric modifications. However, the evoked tissue response could not determine either biomechanical or densitometric modifications. |
Frigerio, A; Brenna, S; Colletti, G; Biglioli, F; Marcelli, E; Cercenelli, L; Cavallari, P Contralaterally triggered eyeblink for the paralyzed eyelid: stimulation pattern and tricks Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_013, title = {Contralaterally triggered eyeblink for the paralyzed eyelid: stimulation pattern and tricks}, author = {A Frigerio and S Brenna and G Colletti and F Biglioli and E Marcelli and L Cercenelli and P Cavallari}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_013_Frigerio.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {013}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Paralysis of the orbicularis oculi muscle, due to a facial nerve injury, may lead to a severe corneal damage up to the sight impairment. The most amazing and challenging goal of surgical techniques for the eyelid reanimation is to achieve a spontaneous, simultaneous bilateral eyeblink. An implantable device could allow it, by detecting the onset of the electrical activity of the healthy orbicularis oculi muscle and triggering the stimulation of the paralyzed muscle.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Paralysis of the orbicularis oculi muscle, due to a facial nerve injury, may lead to a severe corneal damage up to the sight impairment. The most amazing and challenging goal of surgical techniques for the eyelid reanimation is to achieve a spontaneous, simultaneous bilateral eyeblink. An implantable device could allow it, by detecting the onset of the electrical activity of the healthy orbicularis oculi muscle and triggering the stimulation of the paralyzed muscle. |
Jovic, J; Coste, J A; Fraisse, P; Fattal, C Decreasing the arm participation in complete paraplegic FES-assisted sit to stand Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_021, title = {Decreasing the arm participation in complete paraplegic FES-assisted sit to stand}, author = {J Jovic and J A Coste and P Fraisse and C Fattal}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_021_Jovic.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {021}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {We have developed a method aiming at improving Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) - assisted sit to stand transfer in people with paraplegia. The approach is based on the coordination of upper and lower parts of the body with final objective to reduce arm participation during the rising motion. The proposed approach is based on the observation of trunk acceleration during rising phase and a detection algorithm, which triggers leg stimulation at a desired time instant. The objective of this study is to present preliminary experimental results obtained in one complete paraplegic subject showing that the delay between leg stimulation onset and maximum trunk acceleration event is related to the arm support applied during sit-to-stand motion.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } We have developed a method aiming at improving Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) - assisted sit to stand transfer in people with paraplegia. The approach is based on the coordination of upper and lower parts of the body with final objective to reduce arm participation during the rising motion. The proposed approach is based on the observation of trunk acceleration during rising phase and a detection algorithm, which triggers leg stimulation at a desired time instant. The objective of this study is to present preliminary experimental results obtained in one complete paraplegic subject showing that the delay between leg stimulation onset and maximum trunk acceleration event is related to the arm support applied during sit-to-stand motion. |
Ferreira, V M V; Varoto, R; Beinotti, F; Cliquet, A Dynamometric evaluation of NMES treatment on patients with tetraplegia Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_025, title = {Dynamometric evaluation of NMES treatment on patients with tetraplegia}, author = {V M V Ferreira and R Varoto and F Beinotti and A Cliquet}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_025_Ferreira.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {025}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Persons with tetraplegia present severe loss of muscle control and strength. This study aim to evaluate through dynamometry the efficacy of NMES treatment on the upper limb. Seven individuals with complete chronic spinal cord injury at cervical level participated in the study. NMES treatment consists of strengthening and functional training periods. An 8-channel stimulator with monophasic square voltage output with frequency at 25 Hz was used with surface electrodes placed at the upper limb. Dynamometric data were performed for the right elbow flexors and extensors with an interval of two years. Patients presented strength improvement for the elbow flexors, but no statistical difference was observed for the elbow extensors. More studies are necessary to conclude if NMES treatment improves strength on paralyzed muscles in chronic tetraplegia.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Persons with tetraplegia present severe loss of muscle control and strength. This study aim to evaluate through dynamometry the efficacy of NMES treatment on the upper limb. Seven individuals with complete chronic spinal cord injury at cervical level participated in the study. NMES treatment consists of strengthening and functional training periods. An 8-channel stimulator with monophasic square voltage output with frequency at 25 Hz was used with surface electrodes placed at the upper limb. Dynamometric data were performed for the right elbow flexors and extensors with an interval of two years. Patients presented strength improvement for the elbow flexors, but no statistical difference was observed for the elbow extensors. More studies are necessary to conclude if NMES treatment improves strength on paralyzed muscles in chronic tetraplegia. |
Davis, G; Fornusek, C Effect of FES Cycle Training Cadence on Velocity-specific Power Outputs in Individuals with SCI Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_019, title = {Effect of FES Cycle Training Cadence on Velocity-specific Power Outputs in Individuals with SCI}, author = {G Davis and C Fornusek}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_019_Davis.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {019}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {This study investigated the effects of FES-cycle training cadence upon the power outputs produced during either fast or slow cycling velocities. Seven untrained individuals with spinal cord injury (C7-T11) performed six weeks (18 sessions, 30-min each leg) of training on an isokinetic FES cycle ergometer. One leg was trained at 10 revtextbulletmin-1 and the other at 50 revtextbulletmin-1. The cycling performance of each leg was measured before and after training during 30-min of exercise at both pedalling cadences. Power outputs were calculated as the highest peak power (W) achieved, whenever these occurred during the 30-min pre-training and post-training assessment and average power output (W) over 30-min. Both peak and average powers were significantly increased following FES-cycle training (peak power by 30%-51%; average power by 41%-62%). Percent changes after training were greater for average power than for peak power. However, neither training cadence (50 revtextbulletmin-1 or 10 revtextbulletmin-1), nor the cycling velocity that each trained leg was assessed at, had any effect upon training-induced gains of leg power. These data suggest that for a prolonged aerobic activity such as prolonged FES cycling, training at either slow or fast cadence produces equivalent gains of leg power output.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } This study investigated the effects of FES-cycle training cadence upon the power outputs produced during either fast or slow cycling velocities. Seven untrained individuals with spinal cord injury (C7-T11) performed six weeks (18 sessions, 30-min each leg) of training on an isokinetic FES cycle ergometer. One leg was trained at 10 revtextbulletmin-1 and the other at 50 revtextbulletmin-1. The cycling performance of each leg was measured before and after training during 30-min of exercise at both pedalling cadences. Power outputs were calculated as the highest peak power (W) achieved, whenever these occurred during the 30-min pre-training and post-training assessment and average power output (W) over 30-min. Both peak and average powers were significantly increased following FES-cycle training (peak power by 30%-51%; average power by 41%-62%). Percent changes after training were greater for average power than for peak power. However, neither training cadence (50 revtextbulletmin-1 or 10 revtextbulletmin-1), nor the cycling velocity that each trained leg was assessed at, had any effect upon training-induced gains of leg power. These data suggest that for a prolonged aerobic activity such as prolonged FES cycling, training at either slow or fast cadence produces equivalent gains of leg power output. |
Azevedo, E; Alonso, K; Enio, C; Cliquet, A Effects of rigid ankle foot orthoses on paraplegic gait with neuromuscular electrical stimulation Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_029, title = {Effects of rigid ankle foot orthoses on paraplegic gait with neuromuscular electrical stimulation}, author = {E Azevedo and K Alonso and C Enio and A Cliquet}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_029_Azevedo.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {029}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Objective: To assess the benefits of rigid ankle foot orthoses (AFO) on paraplegic gait with neuromuscular electrical stimulation ( MES). Methods: Ten control subjects and six complete paraplegics went through kinetics and kinematics gait evaluation without and with AFOs. Paraplegics also used 4 channels MES, walker aided. Results: For ankle joint kinematics, the range of motion (ROM) during stance was significantly different with and without AFO (p=0,01) and between groups (p=0,02). ROM during balance was different with and without AFO (p=0,002). Knee kinematics displayed significant changes with and without AFO in ROM during stance (p=0,0001). For hip significant differences were observed between groups in maximum extension during stance (p=0,002) and in maximum flexion during balance (p=0,001). Ankle joint kinetic variable assessed was the maximum plantar flexor moment, that displayed significant changes between groups (p=0,014). Knee and hip had maximum flexor and extensor moments assessed. Only the maximum knee extensor moment and maximum hip flexor moment were significantly different between groups (p=0,0002 and p<0,0001). Conclusion: Results suggest that gait with AFO is more effective for complete paraplegic individuals. Furthermore, the AFO allowed a greater knee and ankle protection to these individuals and also yielded a higher mechanical loading on the hip, which can prevent the loss of bone mass.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Objective: To assess the benefits of rigid ankle foot orthoses (AFO) on paraplegic gait with neuromuscular electrical stimulation ( MES). Methods: Ten control subjects and six complete paraplegics went through kinetics and kinematics gait evaluation without and with AFOs. Paraplegics also used 4 channels MES, walker aided. Results: For ankle joint kinematics, the range of motion (ROM) during stance was significantly different with and without AFO (p=0,01) and between groups (p=0,02). ROM during balance was different with and without AFO (p=0,002). Knee kinematics displayed significant changes with and without AFO in ROM during stance (p=0,0001). For hip significant differences were observed between groups in maximum extension during stance (p=0,002) and in maximum flexion during balance (p=0,001). Ankle joint kinetic variable assessed was the maximum plantar flexor moment, that displayed significant changes between groups (p=0,014). Knee and hip had maximum flexor and extensor moments assessed. Only the maximum knee extensor moment and maximum hip flexor moment were significantly different between groups (p=0,0002 and p<0,0001). Conclusion: Results suggest that gait with AFO is more effective for complete paraplegic individuals. Furthermore, the AFO allowed a greater knee and ankle protection to these individuals and also yielded a higher mechanical loading on the hip, which can prevent the loss of bone mass. |
Andrews, B Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body: FES Sport Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_002, title = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body: FES Sport}, author = {B Andrews}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_002_Andrews.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {002}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {none}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } none |
Tancredo, J; Roiz, R; Cliquet, A Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_030, title = {Evaluation the use of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in spinal cord injured subjects: pendulum spasticity test}, author = {J Tancredo and R Roiz and A Cliquet}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_030_Tancredo.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {030}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Spasticity is usually present in spinal cord injuries- above level T-12. Paraplegics and tetraplegics that have some degree of spasticity were assessed before and after the application of neuromuscular electrical stimulation. The PST consists of accelerometers and flexible electrogoniometers optical fiber. The data showed a decrease in spasticity after neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), with features such as an increase in the variation between maximum and minimum peaks, the amplitude of the curves and relaxation index. Furthermore, data from the Modified Ashworth Scale after neuromuscular electrical stimulation also presented a reduction in values.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Spasticity is usually present in spinal cord injuries- above level T-12. Paraplegics and tetraplegics that have some degree of spasticity were assessed before and after the application of neuromuscular electrical stimulation. The PST consists of accelerometers and flexible electrogoniometers optical fiber. The data showed a decrease in spasticity after neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), with features such as an increase in the variation between maximum and minimum peaks, the amplitude of the curves and relaxation index. Furthermore, data from the Modified Ashworth Scale after neuromuscular electrical stimulation also presented a reduction in values. |
Davis, G Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_020, title = {FES-evoked Leg Exercise: Is this the Best Way to Promote Aerobic Fitness and Cardiovascular Health for SCI?}, author = {G Davis}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_020_Davis.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {020}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {This paper will examine whether FES-evoked cycling and similar exercises are the best way to promote gains in aerobic fitness and cardiovascular health for spinal cord-injured individuals. Key studies from the scientific literature were contrasted, supporting or rebutting the popular view that such exercise is primarily aerobic metabolism, and hence FES-exercise or physical training will lead to gains of peak aerobic fitness. The evidence for and against the "exercise hypothesis" that physical training via FES will reduce cardiovascular risk and lower disease burden in the SCI population was also be examined. A careful analysis of these key keynote studies from the literature suggests that FES-cycling and analogous exercises does not always improve aerobic fitness nor lead to gains in cardiovascular health in wheelchair users with spinal cord injury.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } This paper will examine whether FES-evoked cycling and similar exercises are the best way to promote gains in aerobic fitness and cardiovascular health for spinal cord-injured individuals. Key studies from the scientific literature were contrasted, supporting or rebutting the popular view that such exercise is primarily aerobic metabolism, and hence FES-exercise or physical training will lead to gains of peak aerobic fitness. The evidence for and against the "exercise hypothesis" that physical training via FES will reduce cardiovascular risk and lower disease burden in the SCI population was also be examined. A careful analysis of these key keynote studies from the literature suggests that FES-cycling and analogous exercises does not always improve aerobic fitness nor lead to gains in cardiovascular health in wheelchair users with spinal cord injury. |
Ambrosini, E; Ferrante, S; Molteni, F; Ferrigno, G; Pedrocchi, A Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_017, title = {FES-induced Cycling Improves Locomotion in Post-Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients: a Randomized Controlled Trial}, author = {E Ambrosini and S Ferrante and F Molteni and G Ferrigno and A Pedrocchi}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_017_Ambrosini.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {017}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {A recent double-blind randomized controlled trial strongly supported the hypothesis that FES- cycling training applied in the post-acute phase after stroke could play a crucial role in promoting motor recovery. This study presents a subgroup analysis on 20 ischemic stroke patients, mainly focusing on the benefits achieved in cycling performance and walking speed. The treatment consisted of 20 sessions lasting 25 minutes each. Participants were randomized into two groups performing FES- cycling or placebo FES-cycling training. Patients were evaluated before training, after training, and at 3- to 5-month follow-up visits through a voluntary pedaling test and a 50-meter walking test. No significant differences were found between groups at baseline. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a significant increase in gait speed after training and at follow-up assessments for FES-treated patients. A main effect favoring FES group was demonstrated by repeated-measures ANCOVA in terms of gait speed, unbalance in mechanical work between paretic and nonparetic quadriceps during cycling, and correlation between the torque profile of the paretic leg and the mean profile of a group of healthy volunteers performing the same pedaling test. The study showed that FES-cycling training is particularly effective in improving cycling and walking ability on post-acute ischemic stroke patients.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } A recent double-blind randomized controlled trial strongly supported the hypothesis that FES- cycling training applied in the post-acute phase after stroke could play a crucial role in promoting motor recovery. This study presents a subgroup analysis on 20 ischemic stroke patients, mainly focusing on the benefits achieved in cycling performance and walking speed. The treatment consisted of 20 sessions lasting 25 minutes each. Participants were randomized into two groups performing FES- cycling or placebo FES-cycling training. Patients were evaluated before training, after training, and at 3- to 5-month follow-up visits through a voluntary pedaling test and a 50-meter walking test. No significant differences were found between groups at baseline. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a significant increase in gait speed after training and at follow-up assessments for FES-treated patients. A main effect favoring FES group was demonstrated by repeated-measures ANCOVA in terms of gait speed, unbalance in mechanical work between paretic and nonparetic quadriceps during cycling, and correlation between the torque profile of the paretic leg and the mean profile of a group of healthy volunteers performing the same pedaling test. The study showed that FES-cycling training is particularly effective in improving cycling and walking ability on post-acute ischemic stroke patients. |
Haller, M; Krenn, M; Lezak, K; Mayr, W; Rafolt, D; Bijak, M Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_023, title = {High integrated analog front-end device for measurement of evoked myoelectric signals during electrical stimulation}, author = {M Haller and M Krenn and K Lezak and W Mayr and D Rafolt and M Bijak}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_023_Haller.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {023}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {During FES myoelectric signals (M-wave) are often used for muscle monitoring. Usually sophisticated multi-stage amplifier circuitry is used to measure the small electric muscle signals in the presence of the strong stimulation pulses. A new approach from the point of circuit design is offered by the new highly integrated, especially for bio signals developed analogue front-end device ADS1298 of Texas Instruments Inc. (Dallas TX, USA). This integrated circuit includes all analogue components and a 24 bit analog to digital converter. The major advantages of the device low analogue amplification and high resolution A/D conversion are that neither amplifier saturation occurs due to stimulation artifacts nor due to electrode potential. Hence full DC coupling is possible. An EMG amplifier was designed, built and tested when measuring the electrically evoked myoelectric signals of the anterior thigh muscles. The front-end device is capable of measuring M-wave following electric stimuli without disturbance of the stimulation artifact. This high resolution bio-signal front end offers new possibilities in detection of electric muscle activity even in the presence of high voltage stimulation impulses. The ADS1298 is especially suitable for battery powered portable devices because of low power consumption and small package size.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } During FES myoelectric signals (M-wave) are often used for muscle monitoring. Usually sophisticated multi-stage amplifier circuitry is used to measure the small electric muscle signals in the presence of the strong stimulation pulses. A new approach from the point of circuit design is offered by the new highly integrated, especially for bio signals developed analogue front-end device ADS1298 of Texas Instruments Inc. (Dallas TX, USA). This integrated circuit includes all analogue components and a 24 bit analog to digital converter. The major advantages of the device low analogue amplification and high resolution A/D conversion are that neither amplifier saturation occurs due to stimulation artifacts nor due to electrode potential. Hence full DC coupling is possible. An EMG amplifier was designed, built and tested when measuring the electrically evoked myoelectric signals of the anterior thigh muscles. The front-end device is capable of measuring M-wave following electric stimuli without disturbance of the stimulation artifact. This high resolution bio-signal front end offers new possibilities in detection of electric muscle activity even in the presence of high voltage stimulation impulses. The ADS1298 is especially suitable for battery powered portable devices because of low power consumption and small package size. |
Andrews, B History of Motor FES: who were the pioneers? Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_033, title = {History of Motor FES: who were the pioneers?}, author = {B Andrews}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_033_Andrews.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {033}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Who were the first pioneers of FES locomotor neural prostheses? A preliminary investigation reveals that a number of early devices were independently invented by some very interesting and high-profile individuals - some of whom have received scant recognition for their contributions.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Who were the first pioneers of FES locomotor neural prostheses? A preliminary investigation reveals that a number of early devices were independently invented by some very interesting and high-profile individuals - some of whom have received scant recognition for their contributions. |
Varoto, R; Ferreira, V M V; Alonso, K; Beinotti, F; Cliquet, A Hybrid System: a Pilot Evaluation for a Therapeutic Proposal in Quadriplegia Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_024, title = {Hybrid System: a Pilot Evaluation for a Therapeutic Proposal in Quadriplegia}, author = {R Varoto and V M V Ferreira and K Alonso and F Beinotti and A Cliquet}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_024_Varoto.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {024}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {This work presents the use of a hybrid system prototype towards the rehabilitation of quadriplegics. This device is composed of an upper-limb robotic orthosis that provides elbow movements with forearm support and a neuromuscular electrical stimulator for grasp generation. The pilot tests were performed with three quadriplegics (motor lesion levels C5 and C7) performing reach movements and grasp of a cylindrical object. The use of hybrid system increases the range of reach movement up to 17%; in addition, it enables patients to perform grasp and bringing an object close to the body. The patients experienced no discomfort during the use of such devices. These results show the feasibility of hybrid system for robot-assisted therapy, representing an alternative for therapy of spinal cord injured patients.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } This work presents the use of a hybrid system prototype towards the rehabilitation of quadriplegics. This device is composed of an upper-limb robotic orthosis that provides elbow movements with forearm support and a neuromuscular electrical stimulator for grasp generation. The pilot tests were performed with three quadriplegics (motor lesion levels C5 and C7) performing reach movements and grasp of a cylindrical object. The use of hybrid system increases the range of reach movement up to 17%; in addition, it enables patients to perform grasp and bringing an object close to the body. The patients experienced no discomfort during the use of such devices. These results show the feasibility of hybrid system for robot-assisted therapy, representing an alternative for therapy of spinal cord injured patients. |
Rimkus, C M; Mascarenhas, C; Otaduy, M C; Leite, C C Imaging of the spinal cord injury: techniques for diagnosis, follow up and research Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_037, title = {Imaging of the spinal cord injury: techniques for diagnosis, follow up and research}, author = {C M Rimkus and C Mascarenhas and M C Otaduy and C C Leite}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_037_Rimkus.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {037}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {The consolidation of new treatment strategies for acute spinal trauma and rehabilitation demands precise and specific approach to the pathophysiology and anatomy of the neural axis and vertebral contents. Neuroimaging modalities have been used to evaluate spinal cord injury (SCI) in clinical practice and the recent advances in imaging techniques allowed to assess details of the tissue microstructure improving the insights about prognosis, interventional targets and neuroplasticity. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice to evaluate the spinal cord and soft tissue, being capable to identify and quantify hemorrhage, edema and the extension, degree or type of spinal cord injury both in acute and chronicle phases. Computed tomography (CT) should be used to assess bony anatomy and vertebral stability. MRI- diffusion weighted (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) may be useful to characterize the cord microstructure and in quantifying the extent of axonal loss and demyelination and possibly to identify signs of neural tracts regeneration and response to neural plasticity. The following article provides a review of the most important imaging techniques used in the assessment of SCI and proposes a brief discuss about their application in research and rehabilitation strategies.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } The consolidation of new treatment strategies for acute spinal trauma and rehabilitation demands precise and specific approach to the pathophysiology and anatomy of the neural axis and vertebral contents. Neuroimaging modalities have been used to evaluate spinal cord injury (SCI) in clinical practice and the recent advances in imaging techniques allowed to assess details of the tissue microstructure improving the insights about prognosis, interventional targets and neuroplasticity. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice to evaluate the spinal cord and soft tissue, being capable to identify and quantify hemorrhage, edema and the extension, degree or type of spinal cord injury both in acute and chronicle phases. Computed tomography (CT) should be used to assess bony anatomy and vertebral stability. MRI- diffusion weighted (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) may be useful to characterize the cord microstructure and in quantifying the extent of axonal loss and demyelination and possibly to identify signs of neural tracts regeneration and response to neural plasticity. The following article provides a review of the most important imaging techniques used in the assessment of SCI and proposes a brief discuss about their application in research and rehabilitation strategies. |
Nguyen, R; Gonzalez, A M; Micera, S; Morari, M Increasing muscular participation in robot-assisted gait training using FES Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_015, title = {Increasing muscular participation in robot-assisted gait training using FES}, author = {R Nguyen and A M Gonzalez and S Micera and M Morari}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_015_Nguyen.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {015}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Robot-assisted gait training provides automated gait training for individuals with gait impairments. One limitation is that active muscle contractions are not necessarily induced. Muscular contractions that are synchronized with the robot, which we term muscular participation, are required for effective rehabilitation. To induce muscular participation, we propose the use of functional electrical stimulation (FES) controlled by iterative learning control (ILC). ILC takes advantage of the repetitive nature of gait training by automatically adjusting the stimulation intensity according to errors occurring during previous stride cycles. In such a manner, stimulation can be modulated to account for individual differences in physiology. The force trajectory of the right leg obtained during a high effort task was used as a reference trajectory for the ILC to follow. We compared walking within a robot while exerting no volitional effort, normal effort, high effort and no volitional effort but FES applied. We found that the use of FES resulted in less error, higher correlation, and higher muscular participation compared to normal effort and especially to no volition effort. However, we also found that use of FES resulted in more error, lower correlation, and lower muscular participation compared to high effort, implying that additional means are required to maximize training.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Robot-assisted gait training provides automated gait training for individuals with gait impairments. One limitation is that active muscle contractions are not necessarily induced. Muscular contractions that are synchronized with the robot, which we term muscular participation, are required for effective rehabilitation. To induce muscular participation, we propose the use of functional electrical stimulation (FES) controlled by iterative learning control (ILC). ILC takes advantage of the repetitive nature of gait training by automatically adjusting the stimulation intensity according to errors occurring during previous stride cycles. In such a manner, stimulation can be modulated to account for individual differences in physiology. The force trajectory of the right leg obtained during a high effort task was used as a reference trajectory for the ILC to follow. We compared walking within a robot while exerting no volitional effort, normal effort, high effort and no volitional effort but FES applied. We found that the use of FES resulted in less error, higher correlation, and higher muscular participation compared to normal effort and especially to no volition effort. However, we also found that use of FES resulted in more error, lower correlation, and lower muscular participation compared to high effort, implying that additional means are required to maximize training. |
Gomez-Tames, J; Gonzalez, J; Yu, W Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_012, title = {Influence of Subcutaneous Fat Thickness upon the Activation Volume in Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation to a Thigh Simulation Model}, author = {J Gomez-Tames and J Gonzalez and W Yu}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_012_Gomez-Tames.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {012}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Activation Volume, which is calculated from the Activating Function, describes the spatial location of nerve activation, thus is useful in optimizing stimulation electrodes geometry and waveform for improving selectivity and comfort in transcutaneous electrical stimulation. For example, the discomfort due to the fat thickness has been studied before, but the effect of fat thickness on selectivity, which could be studied through the Activation Volume, needs to be further analyzed. In this study, we implemented a human thigh model using the Finite Element Method to study the effect of fat thickness on the Activation Volume in terms of penetration and volume. The thigh model was represented by a multiple layer cylinder composed of superficial stimulation electrodes, skin, subcutaneous fat, muscle, and bone. We found out that the selectivity under the electrode is better for smaller fibers close to the electrode, because the activation volume for those fibers do not spread out the area under the electrode.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Activation Volume, which is calculated from the Activating Function, describes the spatial location of nerve activation, thus is useful in optimizing stimulation electrodes geometry and waveform for improving selectivity and comfort in transcutaneous electrical stimulation. For example, the discomfort due to the fat thickness has been studied before, but the effect of fat thickness on selectivity, which could be studied through the Activation Volume, needs to be further analyzed. In this study, we implemented a human thigh model using the Finite Element Method to study the effect of fat thickness on the Activation Volume in terms of penetration and volume. The thigh model was represented by a multiple layer cylinder composed of superficial stimulation electrodes, skin, subcutaneous fat, muscle, and bone. We found out that the selectivity under the electrode is better for smaller fibers close to the electrode, because the activation volume for those fibers do not spread out the area under the electrode. |
Ambrosini, E; Ferrante, S; Shalaby, R; Schauer, T; Klauer, C; Ferrigno, G; Pedrocchi, A Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_016, title = {Integration of an EMG-based NMES controller with a passive exoskeleton to support daily upper limb activities}, author = {E Ambrosini and S Ferrante and R Shalaby and T Schauer and C Klauer and G Ferrigno and A Pedrocchi}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_016_Ambrosini.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {016}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {MUNDUS is an assistive framework for recovering interaction capability of severely impaired people based on upper limb motor functions. Within this project, the present work aimed at integrating a commercial passive exoskeleton for weight support with an EMG-controlled neuroprosthesis for hand-to-mouth movements. Being the stimulated muscle the same from which the EMG was measured, first it was necessary to separate the volitional EMG from the stimulation response. Thus, an adaptive filter to remove the M-wave was developed. Then, an EMG integration-based controller was designed: when the volitional EMG exceeded a pre-defined threshold, the pulse width ramped up until the maximal value and was kept constant until the volitional EMG dropped below an inferior threshold. The operation of the control system was tested on one healthy volunteer, who was asked to perform some hand-to-mouth movements, supported by both the exoskeleton and the EMG-controlled neuroprosthesis. Preliminary results showed that the filter was able to discriminate between increasing values of volitional EMG, while the controller operation reflected the subject's intention. The study demonstrated the feasibility of an EMG-controlled neuroprosthesis for daily upper limb support on healthy subjects, providing a first step forward towards the development of the final MUNDUS platform.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } MUNDUS is an assistive framework for recovering interaction capability of severely impaired people based on upper limb motor functions. Within this project, the present work aimed at integrating a commercial passive exoskeleton for weight support with an EMG-controlled neuroprosthesis for hand-to-mouth movements. Being the stimulated muscle the same from which the EMG was measured, first it was necessary to separate the volitional EMG from the stimulation response. Thus, an adaptive filter to remove the M-wave was developed. Then, an EMG integration-based controller was designed: when the volitional EMG exceeded a pre-defined threshold, the pulse width ramped up until the maximal value and was kept constant until the volitional EMG dropped below an inferior threshold. The operation of the control system was tested on one healthy volunteer, who was asked to perform some hand-to-mouth movements, supported by both the exoskeleton and the EMG-controlled neuroprosthesis. Preliminary results showed that the filter was able to discriminate between increasing values of volitional EMG, while the controller operation reflected the subject's intention. The study demonstrated the feasibility of an EMG-controlled neuroprosthesis for daily upper limb support on healthy subjects, providing a first step forward towards the development of the final MUNDUS platform. |
Velik, R; Malesevic, N; Popovic, L; Hoffmann, U; Keller, T INTFES: A multi-pad electrode system for selective transcutaneous electrical muscle stimulation Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_004, title = {INTFES: A multi-pad electrode system for selective transcutaneous electrical muscle stimulation}, author = {R Velik and N Malesevic and L Popovic and U Hoffmann and T Keller}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_004_Velik.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {004}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {In recent years, the use of multi-pad electrodes for transcutaneous electrical muscle stimulation has been suggested to achieve a better selectivity of muscle control. Here, we present INTFES – a device for multi- channel functional electrical stimulation via an array of electrodes. The basic design characteristics of the device are presented and a number of clinical studies that show its functional advantages over classical single-electrode stimulation are discussed.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } In recent years, the use of multi-pad electrodes for transcutaneous electrical muscle stimulation has been suggested to achieve a better selectivity of muscle control. Here, we present INTFES – a device for multi- channel functional electrical stimulation via an array of electrodes. The basic design characteristics of the device are presented and a number of clinical studies that show its functional advantages over classical single-electrode stimulation are discussed. |
Maciejasz, P; Azevedo-Coste, C; Andreu, D; Guiraud, D Investigation of fibre size stimulation selectivity using earthworm model Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_010, title = {Investigation of fibre size stimulation selectivity using earthworm model}, author = {P Maciejasz and C Azevedo-Coste and D Andreu and D Guiraud}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_010_Maciejasz.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {010}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Fibre type and diameter selective stimulation may allow to restore various motor and sensory functions of human body that have been lost due to disease or injury. Already many stimulation techniques have been proposed for that purpose. They were verified performing computer simulations and in some cases also by in vivo experiments on mammalian models. Results of computer simulations still need to be confirmed by in vivo experiments, however experiments on mammalian models, due to high number of fibres within stimulated nerve, can be very complex to perform and obtained results difficult to interpret. In this paper, we propose the earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris) as a model for selective stimulation. The earthworm has three giant nerve fibres, with two distinctly different conduction velocities. Therefore it is very easy to distinguish between fibres that are firing at the moment. As a consequence the selectivity of stimulation may be immediately verified without application of sophisticated signal processing and averaging techniques. During performed experiments we have proofed that experimental procedure is simple and the obtained results easy to interpret.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Fibre type and diameter selective stimulation may allow to restore various motor and sensory functions of human body that have been lost due to disease or injury. Already many stimulation techniques have been proposed for that purpose. They were verified performing computer simulations and in some cases also by in vivo experiments on mammalian models. Results of computer simulations still need to be confirmed by in vivo experiments, however experiments on mammalian models, due to high number of fibres within stimulated nerve, can be very complex to perform and obtained results difficult to interpret. In this paper, we propose the earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris) as a model for selective stimulation. The earthworm has three giant nerve fibres, with two distinctly different conduction velocities. Therefore it is very easy to distinguish between fibres that are firing at the moment. As a consequence the selectivity of stimulation may be immediately verified without application of sophisticated signal processing and averaging techniques. During performed experiments we have proofed that experimental procedure is simple and the obtained results easy to interpret. |
Meadmore, K; Hughes, A-M; Freeman, C; Tong, D; Rogers, E; Burridge, J H Iterative Learning Mediated FES in Stroke Rehabilitation Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_028, title = {Iterative Learning Mediated FES in Stroke Rehabilitation}, author = {K Meadmore and A-M Hughes and C Freeman and D Tong and E Rogers and J H Burridge}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_028_Meadmore.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {028}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {This study examined Stimulation Assistance through Iterative Learning (SAIL), a novel stroke rehabilitation system for the upper limb. Five hemiparetic stroke participants with reduced upper limb function undertook 18, 1 hour training sessions. Participants completed 3D tracking tasks in which they moved their impaired arm to follow a slowly moving sphere along a specified trajectory. The participants' arm was supported by a robot. Functional electrical stimulation (FES), precisely controlled by advanced iterative learning algorithms, was applied to the triceps and anterior deltoid muscles to assist accurate tracking. For assessment, participants completed unassisted tracking tasks in each session, as well as clinical assessments (ARAT and FMA) pre- and post-intervention. Results show that unassisted tracking performance and FMA scores improved over the intervention, and the amount of FES required to produce accurate tracking reduced over the same period. The technology employed by the SAIL system was designed to help stroke patients train their upper limb muscles, leading to improved motor control. The results from this study suggest that SAIL can accurately assist upper limb movement in stroke participants. The feasibility and effectiveness of SAIL in reducing upper limb impairments following stroke was demonstrated.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } This study examined Stimulation Assistance through Iterative Learning (SAIL), a novel stroke rehabilitation system for the upper limb. Five hemiparetic stroke participants with reduced upper limb function undertook 18, 1 hour training sessions. Participants completed 3D tracking tasks in which they moved their impaired arm to follow a slowly moving sphere along a specified trajectory. The participants' arm was supported by a robot. Functional electrical stimulation (FES), precisely controlled by advanced iterative learning algorithms, was applied to the triceps and anterior deltoid muscles to assist accurate tracking. For assessment, participants completed unassisted tracking tasks in each session, as well as clinical assessments (ARAT and FMA) pre- and post-intervention. Results show that unassisted tracking performance and FMA scores improved over the intervention, and the amount of FES required to produce accurate tracking reduced over the same period. The technology employed by the SAIL system was designed to help stroke patients train their upper limb muscles, leading to improved motor control. The results from this study suggest that SAIL can accurately assist upper limb movement in stroke participants. The feasibility and effectiveness of SAIL in reducing upper limb impairments following stroke was demonstrated. |
Ribeiro, F S; Alonso, K; DeAzevedo, E R B M; Ferreira, V M V; Cliquet, A Knee's Radiographic Exam on Spinal Cord Injury Patients Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_032, title = {Knee's Radiographic Exam on Spinal Cord Injury Patients}, author = {F S Ribeiro and K Alonso and E R B M DeAzevedo and V M V Ferreira and A Cliquet}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_032_Ribeiro.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {032}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Objective: The proposed study aims to assess the knee of the injured spinal cord through radiographic examination, in relation to possible joint damage and the efficiency of neuromuscular electrical stimulation. Methods: The sample consisted of 21 spinal cord (11 controls and 10 NMES group) aged between 20 and 55 years. Radiographic knee of patients with spinal cord injury were analyzed (in the anteroposterior and lateral). The variables analyzed were: bone thinning, calcification, degenerative changes such as changes in joint space, subchondral sclerosis and osteophytes graduated from classification osteoathritis - Keelgren and Lawrence. The patellar height measured by the method Caton- Deschamps. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. This study suggests that structural changes in the knee of the injured spinal cord are not relevant. An important factor is the bone mass loss that begins in the 2nd month of injury and did not differ with the treatment performed (muscle strengthening, stretching, hydrotherapy or NMES) after 1 year of injury.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Objective: The proposed study aims to assess the knee of the injured spinal cord through radiographic examination, in relation to possible joint damage and the efficiency of neuromuscular electrical stimulation. Methods: The sample consisted of 21 spinal cord (11 controls and 10 NMES group) aged between 20 and 55 years. Radiographic knee of patients with spinal cord injury were analyzed (in the anteroposterior and lateral). The variables analyzed were: bone thinning, calcification, degenerative changes such as changes in joint space, subchondral sclerosis and osteophytes graduated from classification osteoathritis - Keelgren and Lawrence. The patellar height measured by the method Caton- Deschamps. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. This study suggests that structural changes in the knee of the injured spinal cord are not relevant. An important factor is the bone mass loss that begins in the 2nd month of injury and did not differ with the treatment performed (muscle strengthening, stretching, hydrotherapy or NMES) after 1 year of injury. |
Kohler, F; Schuettler, M; Ordonez, J S; Stieglitz, T Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_038, title = {Laser Microfabrication of Neural Electrode Arrays: Comparison of Nanosecond and Picosecond Laser Technology}, author = {F Kohler and M Schuettler and J S Ordonez and T Stieglitz}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_038_Kohler.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {038}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Microfabrication of neural electrodes using a Nd:YAG laser for cutting platinum foil and medical grade silicone rubber is an established process since many years. However, limitations of this technology are well known and are related to the laser wavelength (533 nm or 1064 nm) but more dominantly to the pulse width (some nanoseconds). New lasers that emit pulses in the lower picosecond range at 355 nm provide much more precise ablation and overcome a major drawback of nanosecond technology: Picosecond lasers allow selective ablation of optically transparent materials such as silicone rubber and Parylene C with very smooth cut edges and dramatically improved definition.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Microfabrication of neural electrodes using a Nd:YAG laser for cutting platinum foil and medical grade silicone rubber is an established process since many years. However, limitations of this technology are well known and are related to the laser wavelength (533 nm or 1064 nm) but more dominantly to the pulse width (some nanoseconds). New lasers that emit pulses in the lower picosecond range at 355 nm provide much more precise ablation and overcome a major drawback of nanosecond technology: Picosecond lasers allow selective ablation of optically transparent materials such as silicone rubber and Parylene C with very smooth cut edges and dramatically improved definition. |
Andrews, B Manual control of 4ch fes rowing Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_035, title = {Manual control of 4ch fes rowing}, author = {B Andrews}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_035_Andrews.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {035}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {FES rowing is a new form of high-intensity, whole body, physical exercise for individuals with spinal cord injury. Preliminary results are presented for RG, co-author and trained paraplegic FES rower. RG has regularly used FES rowing since 2003 and has competed successfully in major international indoor rowing championships, including. The kinematic analysis reveals a faster stroke rate and shorter stroke length than normal. This is associated with the absence of sagittal trunk motion due to the method of trunk stabilization used in this simple configuration. The temporal pattern of the handle control switch indicates a well-honed motor skill in which the rower is continuously predicting the system dynamics and muscle responses. The control switching points occur with surprisingly high synchronization with the rowing cycle, typically within +/- 30ms. This suggests that the control of FES rowing, once learned, can be performed with minimal cortical load. Switching for drive begins during recovery, thus the quadriceps are eccentrically active and highly loaded during the early drive phase. Handle forces exceeded 350N and may result in significant joint loading. For example, RG has had a 14.7% increase in BMD associated with FES rowing.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } FES rowing is a new form of high-intensity, whole body, physical exercise for individuals with spinal cord injury. Preliminary results are presented for RG, co-author and trained paraplegic FES rower. RG has regularly used FES rowing since 2003 and has competed successfully in major international indoor rowing championships, including. The kinematic analysis reveals a faster stroke rate and shorter stroke length than normal. This is associated with the absence of sagittal trunk motion due to the method of trunk stabilization used in this simple configuration. The temporal pattern of the handle control switch indicates a well-honed motor skill in which the rower is continuously predicting the system dynamics and muscle responses. The control switching points occur with surprisingly high synchronization with the rowing cycle, typically within +/- 30ms. This suggests that the control of FES rowing, once learned, can be performed with minimal cortical load. Switching for drive begins during recovery, thus the quadriceps are eccentrically active and highly loaded during the early drive phase. Handle forces exceeded 350N and may result in significant joint loading. For example, RG has had a 14.7% increase in BMD associated with FES rowing. |
Scheeren, E M; Krueger, E; Nogueira-Neto, G N; Button, V L S; Nohama, P Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_007, title = {Mechanomyography signal relationship between time x frequency domain using FES application: preliminary results}, author = {E M Scheeren and E Krueger and G N Nogueira-Neto and V L S Button and P Nohama}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_007_Scheeren.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {007}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {The goal of this study is to investigate the relationship of the time x frequency domain for a spinal cord-injured volunteer (SCIV) and a healthy volunteer (HV). The test was performed with one HV and one SCIV with bipolar monophasic square wave, pulse active period of 100textmu s and frequency of 1kHz, and burst active interval of 3ms with frequency set to 50Hz applied to the femoral nerve. The MMG sensor was placed on the belly of rectus femoris muscle and RMS and MF MMG features of the three axes (X, Y and Z) were plotted using linear regression so as to find the relation between them during the protocol. The normalized RMS values of SCIV were greater than HV data and this is related to FES stimuli amplitude applied to SCIV. The slope of the MMG signal presented a different behavior what suggests difference between the volunteers. The slope was steeper for SCIV than HV, probably due to the fast lower power contraction ability and the motor unit recruitment decrease. The preliminary results show that MMG signal can distinguish muscle fiber type of HV and SCIV.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } The goal of this study is to investigate the relationship of the time x frequency domain for a spinal cord-injured volunteer (SCIV) and a healthy volunteer (HV). The test was performed with one HV and one SCIV with bipolar monophasic square wave, pulse active period of 100textmu s and frequency of 1kHz, and burst active interval of 3ms with frequency set to 50Hz applied to the femoral nerve. The MMG sensor was placed on the belly of rectus femoris muscle and RMS and MF MMG features of the three axes (X, Y and Z) were plotted using linear regression so as to find the relation between them during the protocol. The normalized RMS values of SCIV were greater than HV data and this is related to FES stimuli amplitude applied to SCIV. The slope of the MMG signal presented a different behavior what suggests difference between the volunteers. The slope was steeper for SCIV than HV, probably due to the fast lower power contraction ability and the motor unit recruitment decrease. The preliminary results show that MMG signal can distinguish muscle fiber type of HV and SCIV. |
Papaiordanidou, M; Hayashibe, M; Varray, A; Guiraud, D; Fattal, C Model-based fatigue assessment Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_022, title = {Model-based fatigue assessment}, author = {M Papaiordanidou and M Hayashibe and A Varray and D Guiraud and C Fattal}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_022_Papaiordanidou.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {022}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Muscle fatigue is a complex phenomenon that limits the application of functional Electrical Stimulation (ES), used to activate skeletal muscle in order to perform functional movements. The purpose of the present study was to track the development of neuromuscular fatigue under intermittent FES applied to the triceps surae muscle of 5 subjects paralyzed by Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). Experimental results gave evidence of neuromuscular fatigue development attributed to muscle contractile properties impairment. Classical parameters representing muscle contractile properties (peak twitch, Pt and twitch contraction and relaxation parameters) significantly decreased at the end of the protocol. These experimental data were used to identify the parameters of a previously developed physiological mathematical model describing all possible contractive states occurring in a stimulated muscle. The sigma-point Kalman filter was used for the identification of the model's parameters and simulation results prove that the model was capable to track fatigue and under the present stimulation conditions even predict muscle contractile behavior. This work reinforces clinical research with a tool allowing clinicians to monitor the current state of the stimulated muscle for its optimal solicitation.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Muscle fatigue is a complex phenomenon that limits the application of functional Electrical Stimulation (ES), used to activate skeletal muscle in order to perform functional movements. The purpose of the present study was to track the development of neuromuscular fatigue under intermittent FES applied to the triceps surae muscle of 5 subjects paralyzed by Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). Experimental results gave evidence of neuromuscular fatigue development attributed to muscle contractile properties impairment. Classical parameters representing muscle contractile properties (peak twitch, Pt and twitch contraction and relaxation parameters) significantly decreased at the end of the protocol. These experimental data were used to identify the parameters of a previously developed physiological mathematical model describing all possible contractive states occurring in a stimulated muscle. The sigma-point Kalman filter was used for the identification of the model's parameters and simulation results prove that the model was capable to track fatigue and under the present stimulation conditions even predict muscle contractile behavior. This work reinforces clinical research with a tool allowing clinicians to monitor the current state of the stimulated muscle for its optimal solicitation. |
Seyedi, A; Erfanian, A Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_003, title = {Neural Sliding Mode Control of Sit-To-Stand Transfer in Paraplegic Subjects Using Functional Electrical Stimulation}, author = {A Seyedi and A Erfanian}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_003_Seyedi.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {003}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {This paper presents a new method for control of arm-supported standing up in paraplegic subjects using functional electrical stimulation (FES). The control goal is to minimize the upper body effort during sit-to-stand (STS) transfer. The proposed control strategy is based on synergistic combination of a single-neuron adaptive control with slidingmode control (SMC) for controlling the knee and hip joints during the STS transfer. To enhance the controllability of electrically stimulated muscle and to obtain the required vertical velocity during STS transfer, both pulse width and pulse amplitude modulation are used while the pulse width is modulated by the neuro-SMC and pulse amplitude by a fuzzy logic controller. The results of experiments on two paraplegic subjects show that peak hand reaction force is about 40% of the body weight during STS and the mean hand reaction force is about 20% of the body weight.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } This paper presents a new method for control of arm-supported standing up in paraplegic subjects using functional electrical stimulation (FES). The control goal is to minimize the upper body effort during sit-to-stand (STS) transfer. The proposed control strategy is based on synergistic combination of a single-neuron adaptive control with slidingmode control (SMC) for controlling the knee and hip joints during the STS transfer. To enhance the controllability of electrically stimulated muscle and to obtain the required vertical velocity during STS transfer, both pulse width and pulse amplitude modulation are used while the pulse width is modulated by the neuro-SMC and pulse amplitude by a fuzzy logic controller. The results of experiments on two paraplegic subjects show that peak hand reaction force is about 40% of the body weight during STS and the mean hand reaction force is about 20% of the body weight. |
Asadi, A; Erfanian, A Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_008, title = {Neuro-adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control of the knee joint movement using intraspinal microstimulation}, author = {A Asadi and A Erfanian}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_008_Asadi.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {008}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {In this paper, we demonstrate that accurate tracking control of joint movement can be achieved using intraspinal microstimulation. For this purpose, intraspinal microwires are implanted in the lumbo-sacral of two rats. A robust control strategy is proposed which is based on synergic combination of an adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control (AFSMC) with an adaptive neural control. The proposed controller requires no prior knowledge about the dynamics of system to be controlled and no offline learning phase. The results of experiments on two rats show that the neuro- AFSMC provides accurate tracking control with fast convergence for different reference trajectories and it could generate control signals to compensate the muscle fatigue.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } In this paper, we demonstrate that accurate tracking control of joint movement can be achieved using intraspinal microstimulation. For this purpose, intraspinal microwires are implanted in the lumbo-sacral of two rats. A robust control strategy is proposed which is based on synergic combination of an adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control (AFSMC) with an adaptive neural control. The proposed controller requires no prior knowledge about the dynamics of system to be controlled and no offline learning phase. The results of experiments on two rats show that the neuro- AFSMC provides accurate tracking control with fast convergence for different reference trajectories and it could generate control signals to compensate the muscle fatigue. |
Zorzenoni, F; Kido, R; Tanhoffer, R; Beinotti, F; Varoto, R; Lima, V; Cliquet, A Neuropathic Pain in People with Spinal Cord Injury: Quantitative Clinical Trials Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_036, title = {Neuropathic Pain in People with Spinal Cord Injury: Quantitative Clinical Trials}, author = {F Zorzenoni and R Kido and R Tanhoffer and F Beinotti and R Varoto and V Lima and A Cliquet}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_036_Zorzenoni.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {036}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {One of the biggest problems of spinal cord injuries (SCI) is neuropathic pain. Moreover, it is pointed out by several studies as one of the major difficulties for SCI patients. Nowadays, the current challenge is to understand the etiology of the neuropathic pain in SCI patients. The objective of this study is use from quantitative clinical trials to observe the differences between spinal cord injuries who have neuropathic pain and those who do not. 30 individuals separated in 3 groups: 10 SCI with neuropathic pain (SCI-P); 10 SCI without neuropathic pain (SCI-NP); 10 controls (non-SCI subjects). They were submitted with quantitative tests: tactile and thermal sensitivity, evoked pain (allodynia, dysesthesia and hyperalgesia) and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. All SCI individuals do neuromuscular electrical stimulation. SCI-NP detected more cold, heat pain, and tolerance of heat pain than the SCI-P. The SCI-P detected more heat than the SCI-NP. There was no statistical significance between the groups SCI- P and SCI-NP when comparing pain and tactile sensitivity, but SCI-P reported more tactile sensitivity than the SCI-NP. Hyperalgesia below the level of injury was most often detected by SCI-NP. This study has replicated clinically some of the diverse mechanisms of neuropathic pain, gathering and quantifying various forms of sensitivity affected by the injury. We demonstrate that neuropathic pain after traumatic SCI is not due to only anatomic lesion, but also related to complex neural processes, biochemical, and physiological prior uncorrelated, thus contributing to better solidify the knowledge about this area.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } One of the biggest problems of spinal cord injuries (SCI) is neuropathic pain. Moreover, it is pointed out by several studies as one of the major difficulties for SCI patients. Nowadays, the current challenge is to understand the etiology of the neuropathic pain in SCI patients. The objective of this study is use from quantitative clinical trials to observe the differences between spinal cord injuries who have neuropathic pain and those who do not. 30 individuals separated in 3 groups: 10 SCI with neuropathic pain (SCI-P); 10 SCI without neuropathic pain (SCI-NP); 10 controls (non-SCI subjects). They were submitted with quantitative tests: tactile and thermal sensitivity, evoked pain (allodynia, dysesthesia and hyperalgesia) and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. All SCI individuals do neuromuscular electrical stimulation. SCI-NP detected more cold, heat pain, and tolerance of heat pain than the SCI-P. The SCI-P detected more heat than the SCI-NP. There was no statistical significance between the groups SCI- P and SCI-NP when comparing pain and tactile sensitivity, but SCI-P reported more tactile sensitivity than the SCI-NP. Hyperalgesia below the level of injury was most often detected by SCI-NP. This study has replicated clinically some of the diverse mechanisms of neuropathic pain, gathering and quantifying various forms of sensitivity affected by the injury. We demonstrate that neuropathic pain after traumatic SCI is not due to only anatomic lesion, but also related to complex neural processes, biochemical, and physiological prior uncorrelated, thus contributing to better solidify the knowledge about this area. |
Kido, R Y Z; Zorzenoni, F; Tanhoffer, R; Varoto, R; Maura, V; Beinotti, F; Gaspar, M I F A S; Cliquet, A Neuropathic pain in Spinal Cord Injury Subjects: Somatosensory differences Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_040, title = {Neuropathic pain in Spinal Cord Injury Subjects: Somatosensory differences}, author = {R Y Z Kido and F Zorzenoni and R Tanhoffer and R Varoto and V Maura and F Beinotti and M I F A S Gaspar and A Cliquet}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_040_Kido.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {040}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Nowadays little is known about the neurophysiology and somatosensory differences in spinal cord injured with and without neuropathic pain. The objective of study is to use somatosensory evoked potential to observe the differences between spinal cord injuries who have neuropathic pain and those who do not. Methods: 30 individuals separated in 3 groups: 9 SCI with neuropathic pain (SCI-P); 10 SCI without neuropathic pain (SCI-NP); 8 controls (non-SCI subjects). Each group was submitted to ASIA Impairment Scale and somatosensorial evoked potential by stimulating the peroneal nerve. The latencies of the stimuli (N8, N22. N45) or loss of the standard curve were compared between groups by One Way Anova. Results: The SCI-P group presented the following average latency (mean textpm standard deviation): N8 (9.01 textpm 1.17), N22 (20.14 textpm 1.18), N45 latency was not possible to calculate response; for SCI-NP group: N8 (8.63 textpm 1.7), N22 (21.48 textpm 5.2), N45 latency, response was not possible to calculate, for the control group: N8 (8.79 textpm 0.83), N22 (19.87 textpm 0.41), N45 (43.57 textpm 1.56). There was no statistical differences for N8 and N22 latencies (p>0,05). Conclusion: It was not possible to differentiate spinal cord injured subjects with neuropathic pain from those who do not by somatosensorial evoked potential, although this test is closely correlated with the clinical trial ASIA Impairment Scale, which assesses functionally the spinal cord injured subjects about sensitivity and motor function without taking into account the presence or absence of neuropathic pain in these subjects.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Nowadays little is known about the neurophysiology and somatosensory differences in spinal cord injured with and without neuropathic pain. The objective of study is to use somatosensory evoked potential to observe the differences between spinal cord injuries who have neuropathic pain and those who do not. Methods: 30 individuals separated in 3 groups: 9 SCI with neuropathic pain (SCI-P); 10 SCI without neuropathic pain (SCI-NP); 8 controls (non-SCI subjects). Each group was submitted to ASIA Impairment Scale and somatosensorial evoked potential by stimulating the peroneal nerve. The latencies of the stimuli (N8, N22. N45) or loss of the standard curve were compared between groups by One Way Anova. Results: The SCI-P group presented the following average latency (mean textpm standard deviation): N8 (9.01 textpm 1.17), N22 (20.14 textpm 1.18), N45 latency was not possible to calculate response; for SCI-NP group: N8 (8.63 textpm 1.7), N22 (21.48 textpm 5.2), N45 latency, response was not possible to calculate, for the control group: N8 (8.79 textpm 0.83), N22 (19.87 textpm 0.41), N45 (43.57 textpm 1.56). There was no statistical differences for N8 and N22 latencies (p>0,05). Conclusion: It was not possible to differentiate spinal cord injured subjects with neuropathic pain from those who do not by somatosensorial evoked potential, although this test is closely correlated with the clinical trial ASIA Impairment Scale, which assesses functionally the spinal cord injured subjects about sensitivity and motor function without taking into account the presence or absence of neuropathic pain in these subjects. |
Burridge, J H Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_001, title = {Non-invasive Brain Stimulation to improve arm an hand function following central nervous system (CNS) lesions}, author = {J H Burridge}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_001_Burridge.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {001}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {none}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } none |
Firoozabadi, S F K; Erfanian, A Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_011, title = {An online BCI system for reaching control using Gaussian mixture model classifier with adaptive learning}, author = {S F K Firoozabadi and A Erfanian}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_011_Firoozabadi.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {011}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {In this paper, an online BCI is developed for reaching control while the system could be turned on and off by the user using the EEG signals. Reaching control is based on the imagination of reaching task. The time-frequency of the EEG signals shows that there is a broad-banded event-related desynchronization (ERD) in frequency bands around 10 Hz during reaching imagination. The system is turned on and off by closing the eyes for short period of time. Closing the eyes is detected by the EEG signal recorded form visual cortex. The results show that the subject could turn on and off the system and complete the reaching task with an average accuracy of 99.3% and 96.3%, respectively, using Gaussian mixture classifier.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } In this paper, an online BCI is developed for reaching control while the system could be turned on and off by the user using the EEG signals. Reaching control is based on the imagination of reaching task. The time-frequency of the EEG signals shows that there is a broad-banded event-related desynchronization (ERD) in frequency bands around 10 Hz during reaching imagination. The system is turned on and off by closing the eyes for short period of time. Closing the eyes is detected by the EEG signal recorded form visual cortex. The results show that the subject could turn on and off the system and complete the reaching task with an average accuracy of 99.3% and 96.3%, respectively, using Gaussian mixture classifier. |
Andrews, B The oxford 'bladder button' in detrusor overactivity Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_034, title = {The oxford 'bladder button' in detrusor overactivity}, author = {B Andrews}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_034_Andrews.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {034}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {A gastrostomy PEG device is used to further develop the 'Bladder Button' concept, proposed as a means to intermittently drain the overactive neurogenic bladder. Three study participants were fitted with the device and have used it continuously for up to 4 years with device changes typically every 3-6 months (max 9 months). All participants were existing users of continuous-drainage suprapubic indwelling catheters. Two of the participants had mid-thoracic spinal cord injury and one patient suffered from multiple sclerosis, all had urodynamically proven detrusor over activity. The 'bladder button' in the overactive bladder is a concept that merits further study and refinement; in the long-term it may prove to be a favoured alternative to the indwelling Foley catheter in this cohort of patients. Gastrostomy buttons are not designed for this application but have been useful to explore the possibilities. There is considerable scope for technical improvement in the PEG device itself to allow for easier manipulation, extend device life or even to incorporate sensors to monitor intravesical pressure traces; to provide a trigger for conditional FES neuromodulation, or adding biofeedback mechanisms which could be used to alert patients to a full bladder or modulate pharmacotherapy.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } A gastrostomy PEG device is used to further develop the 'Bladder Button' concept, proposed as a means to intermittently drain the overactive neurogenic bladder. Three study participants were fitted with the device and have used it continuously for up to 4 years with device changes typically every 3-6 months (max 9 months). All participants were existing users of continuous-drainage suprapubic indwelling catheters. Two of the participants had mid-thoracic spinal cord injury and one patient suffered from multiple sclerosis, all had urodynamically proven detrusor over activity. The 'bladder button' in the overactive bladder is a concept that merits further study and refinement; in the long-term it may prove to be a favoured alternative to the indwelling Foley catheter in this cohort of patients. Gastrostomy buttons are not designed for this application but have been useful to explore the possibilities. There is considerable scope for technical improvement in the PEG device itself to allow for easier manipulation, extend device life or even to incorporate sensors to monitor intravesical pressure traces; to provide a trigger for conditional FES neuromodulation, or adding biofeedback mechanisms which could be used to alert patients to a full bladder or modulate pharmacotherapy. |
Nekoukar, V; Erfanian, A Performance improvement of walker-assisted FES-supported paraplegic walking Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_005, title = {Performance improvement of walker-assisted FES-supported paraplegic walking}, author = {V Nekoukar and A Erfanian}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_005_Nekoukar.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {005}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {In this paper we present a method to generate optimal stimulation pattern for walker-assisted paraplegic walking using FES systems. To determine the stimulation patterns, a musculoskeletal model of walker-assisted FES-supported paraplegic walking is introduced. The optimal stimulation patterns are determined through minimizing the trajectory tracking error of the lower body and mechanical energy of the upper body with penalty functions on the activation of the muscles and handle reaction force. Experimental results on two thoracic-level complete spinal cord injury subjects show that the walking performance is improved compared to the conventional FES walking in terms of the handle reaction force and walking speed}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } In this paper we present a method to generate optimal stimulation pattern for walker-assisted paraplegic walking using FES systems. To determine the stimulation patterns, a musculoskeletal model of walker-assisted FES-supported paraplegic walking is introduced. The optimal stimulation patterns are determined through minimizing the trajectory tracking error of the lower body and mechanical energy of the upper body with penalty functions on the activation of the muscles and handle reaction force. Experimental results on two thoracic-level complete spinal cord injury subjects show that the walking performance is improved compared to the conventional FES walking in terms of the handle reaction force and walking speed |
Krueger, E; Scheeren, E M; Nogueira-Neto, G N; Button, V L S; Nohama, P Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_006, title = {Preliminary evaluation of mechanomyographic signal of rectus femoris muscle between spinal cord injured and healthy subjects}, author = {E Krueger and E M Scheeren and G N Nogueira-Neto and V L S Button and P Nohama}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_006_Krueger.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {006}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Mechanomyography (MMG) is a practical alternative to monitor muscle contraction during FES application aiming to restore functional movements. This paper describes a preliminary study to evaluate the difference between the rectus femoris muscle MMG response of a healthy volunteer (HV) and a spinal cord injured volunteer (SC), during FES application, and to determine a correlation between the temporal and spectral MMG features. The test was performed with bipolar monophasic square wave, pulse active period of 100 textmus and frequency of 1 kHz, and burst active interval of 3 ms with frequency set to 50 Hz applied to the femoral nerve to stimulate quadriceps muscle. The MMG sensor was placed on the rectus femoris muscle belly. Temporal (RMS) and spectral (MF) MMG features were used. Nonparametric statistics were used to evaluate the differences between the volunteers and the correlations between the MMG features. The results showed that RMS and MF are inversely related over the time during FES application, with p= -0.426 to SC and p= -0.579 to HV. The preliminary findings indicate that HV and SC MMG features are similar in response, what is important to be employed in closed loop systems with FES.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Mechanomyography (MMG) is a practical alternative to monitor muscle contraction during FES application aiming to restore functional movements. This paper describes a preliminary study to evaluate the difference between the rectus femoris muscle MMG response of a healthy volunteer (HV) and a spinal cord injured volunteer (SC), during FES application, and to determine a correlation between the temporal and spectral MMG features. The test was performed with bipolar monophasic square wave, pulse active period of 100 textmus and frequency of 1 kHz, and burst active interval of 3 ms with frequency set to 50 Hz applied to the femoral nerve to stimulate quadriceps muscle. The MMG sensor was placed on the rectus femoris muscle belly. Temporal (RMS) and spectral (MF) MMG features were used. Nonparametric statistics were used to evaluate the differences between the volunteers and the correlations between the MMG features. The results showed that RMS and MF are inversely related over the time during FES application, with p= -0.426 to SC and p= -0.579 to HV. The preliminary findings indicate that HV and SC MMG features are similar in response, what is important to be employed in closed loop systems with FES. |
Medina, G; Nascimento, F B P; Rimkus, C M; Filho, A Z; Cliquet, A Shoulder pain in spinal cord injured patients in rehabilitation program with electrical stimulation Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_009, title = {Shoulder pain in spinal cord injured patients in rehabilitation program with electrical stimulation}, author = {G Medina and F B P Nascimento and C M Rimkus and A Z Filho and A Cliquet}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_009_Medina.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {009}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {In this study we performed clinical and radiographic evaluation of the shoulder of tetraplegic and paraplegic patients who attend rehabilitation program with electrical stimulation. The objective was to establish the usefulness of radiography as a trial exam for shoulder pain in spinal cord injured patients. Thirty two shoulders of sixteen patients were evaluated by clinical exam and radiography. Patients were divided into two groups: paraplegic and tetraplegic. A control group of 16 normal volunteer subjects was selected. Shoulder pain was reported in 88.89% of tetraplegic and 42.85% of paraplegic. The time of injury ranged from 1.5 – 22 years (mean 7.88 years); patients had a mean age of 34.68 years (range, 21-57 years). The acromioclavicular joint space ranged from 0.03-0.7cm on the right side and 0.15-0.7cm on the left side, with a mean of 0.37 and 0.41cm respectively. No correlation was found between shoulder pain and gender, age or time since injury. There was a trend to correlation between shoulder pain and type of injury with tetraplegic having a tendency to pain symptoms. On average, tetraplegic had smaller acromioclavicular joint.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } In this study we performed clinical and radiographic evaluation of the shoulder of tetraplegic and paraplegic patients who attend rehabilitation program with electrical stimulation. The objective was to establish the usefulness of radiography as a trial exam for shoulder pain in spinal cord injured patients. Thirty two shoulders of sixteen patients were evaluated by clinical exam and radiography. Patients were divided into two groups: paraplegic and tetraplegic. A control group of 16 normal volunteer subjects was selected. Shoulder pain was reported in 88.89% of tetraplegic and 42.85% of paraplegic. The time of injury ranged from 1.5 – 22 years (mean 7.88 years); patients had a mean age of 34.68 years (range, 21-57 years). The acromioclavicular joint space ranged from 0.03-0.7cm on the right side and 0.15-0.7cm on the left side, with a mean of 0.37 and 0.41cm respectively. No correlation was found between shoulder pain and gender, age or time since injury. There was a trend to correlation between shoulder pain and type of injury with tetraplegic having a tendency to pain symptoms. On average, tetraplegic had smaller acromioclavicular joint. |
Bo, A; Azevedo-Coste, C; Geny, C; Poignet, P; Fattal, C Tremor attenuation based on joint impedance modulation using FES Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_026, title = {Tremor attenuation based on joint impedance modulation using FES}, author = {A Bo and C Azevedo-Coste and C Geny and P Poignet and C Fattal}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_026_Bo.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {026}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {In this work we describe experiments to validate an alternative method to attenuate the effects of pathological tremor using FES. The method is based on co-contracting antagonist muscles in order to increase joint impedance and hence improve the joint stability for trembling movements. Both open-loop and closed-loop trials involving tremor patients and healthy subjects were conducted, and the results indicate that an effective functional benefit may be obtained.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } In this work we describe experiments to validate an alternative method to attenuate the effects of pathological tremor using FES. The method is based on co-contracting antagonist muscles in order to increase joint impedance and hence improve the joint stability for trembling movements. Both open-loop and closed-loop trials involving tremor patients and healthy subjects were conducted, and the results indicate that an effective functional benefit may be obtained. |
Alonso, K; DeAzevedo, E R B M; Cacho, E W; Varoto, R; Cliquet, A Wheelchair transfer kinematics assessment for paraplegic subjects Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body @proceedings{IFESS2011_031, title = {Wheelchair transfer kinematics assessment for paraplegic subjects}, author = {K Alonso and E R B M DeAzevedo and E W Cacho and R Varoto and A Cliquet}, editor = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2011/IFESS2011_031_Alonso.pdf}, issn = {none}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-09-01}, pages = {031}, publisher = {Atha Communication and Publishing Machado}, address = {Sao Paulo, Brazil}, abstract = {Spinal Cord injury causes motor, sensitive and central neural system disorders. Wheelchair maximizes functional locomotion, reliance, independence and comfort to disabled subjects. The objective of this study was to assess the wheelchair transfer strategies of paraplegic subjects with high and low thoracic injury. Twelve thoracic spinal cord injured subjects participated in this study (T2 to T12) who had Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation applied to the quadriceps muscles and peroneal nerve and were able to independently perform the transfers from a wheelchair to a table. Images of reflexive anatomic markers were captured by six infrared cameras and processed through software. Kinematics parameters of trunk and shoulders were assessed. The comparison of the variables was done using ANOVA. Transfer task was divided in three phases: pre-lift, lift and post-lift. Shoulder angular displacements showed statistical significance on injury level and transfer side (p=0.0470; p=0.0134). Biomechanical understanding and description of shoulder and trunk movement characteristics has shown differences on strategies for high and low thoracic spinal cord injured subjects.}, keywords = {Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Spinal Cord injury causes motor, sensitive and central neural system disorders. Wheelchair maximizes functional locomotion, reliance, independence and comfort to disabled subjects. The objective of this study was to assess the wheelchair transfer strategies of paraplegic subjects with high and low thoracic injury. Twelve thoracic spinal cord injured subjects participated in this study (T2 to T12) who had Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation applied to the quadriceps muscles and peroneal nerve and were able to independently perform the transfers from a wheelchair to a table. Images of reflexive anatomic markers were captured by six infrared cameras and processed through software. Kinematics parameters of trunk and shoulders were assessed. The comparison of the variables was done using ANOVA. Transfer task was divided in three phases: pre-lift, lift and post-lift. Shoulder angular displacements showed statistical significance on injury level and transfer side (p=0.0470; p=0.0134). Biomechanical understanding and description of shoulder and trunk movement characteristics has shown differences on strategies for high and low thoracic spinal cord injured subjects. |
2010 |
Hiatt, S Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Scientific Poster Presentations @proceedings{IFESS2010_081, title = {1100-Channel Neural Stimulator for Functional Electrical Stimulation Using High-Electrode-Count Neural Interfaces}, author = {S Hiatt}, editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf}, issn = {978-3-900928-09-4}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-09-01}, pages = {081}, publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria}, address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria}, abstract = {The use of high-electrode-count (HEC) microelectrode arrays in neural prosthetic research has given rise to the need for stimulation hardware capable of generating complex stimulation patterns across hundreds of electrodes. Here we present the design and testing of an expandable, multi-channel, constant-voltage neural stimulator with user-adjustable anodic and cathodic stimulation voltages and electrode biasing voltage. This stimulator has the ability to independently control stimulus rate, timing, duration, and inter-phase interval on each stimulation channel. Channels can be configured to output monophasic or biphasic (anodic or cathodic first) stimulation. The stimulator is designed to function both as part of an integrated HEC Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) platform or as a stand-alone stimulator. Incorporated into an HEC FES platform, the stimulator was tested in a feline model. Intrafascicular stimuli were delivered to two nerves of the hindlimb via two implanted Utah Slanted Electrode Arrays. The pulse-width modulated constant-voltage stimulator produced graded motor activation similar to that evoked by amplitude-modulated, constantcurrent stimulation. Further, multi-electrode, multi-nerve submaximal stimulation of the feline hindlimb nerves using the stimulator produced functional, multi-muscle, multi-joint, sit-to-stance behavior.}, keywords = {Scientific Poster Presentations}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } The use of high-electrode-count (HEC) microelectrode arrays in neural prosthetic research has given rise to the need for stimulation hardware capable of generating complex stimulation patterns across hundreds of electrodes. Here we present the design and testing of an expandable, multi-channel, constant-voltage neural stimulator with user-adjustable anodic and cathodic stimulation voltages and electrode biasing voltage. This stimulator has the ability to independently control stimulus rate, timing, duration, and inter-phase interval on each stimulation channel. Channels can be configured to output monophasic or biphasic (anodic or cathodic first) stimulation. The stimulator is designed to function both as part of an integrated HEC Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) platform or as a stand-alone stimulator. Incorporated into an HEC FES platform, the stimulator was tested in a feline model. Intrafascicular stimuli were delivered to two nerves of the hindlimb via two implanted Utah Slanted Electrode Arrays. The pulse-width modulated constant-voltage stimulator produced graded motor activation similar to that evoked by amplitude-modulated, constantcurrent stimulation. Further, multi-electrode, multi-nerve submaximal stimulation of the feline hindlimb nerves using the stimulator produced functional, multi-muscle, multi-joint, sit-to-stance behavior. |
Gargiulo, P; Carraro, U; Fridgeirsson, E; Reynisson, P J; Helgason, T Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Modelling @proceedings{IFESS2010_045, title = {3D-ColorComputer Tomography assessment: monitoring of muscle recovery in SCI patients treated with electrical stimulation}, author = {P Gargiulo and U Carraro and E Fridgeirsson and P J Reynisson and T Helgason}, editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf}, issn = {978-3-900928-09-4}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-09-01}, pages = {045}, publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria}, address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria}, abstract = {Muscle tissue composition accounting for the relative content of muscle fibers and intramuscular adipose and loose fibrous tissues, can be efficiently analyzed and quantified using images from Spiral Computer Tomography (S-CT) technology and the associated distribution of Hounsfield (HU) values. Muscle density distribution, especially when including the whole muscle volume, provides remarkable information on the muscle condition. Different physiological and pathological scenarios can be depicted using the muscle characterization technique based on the HU values and the definition of appropriate intervals and the association of such intervals to different colours. Using this method atrophy, degeneration and restoration in denervated muscle undergoing electrical stimulation treatments can be clearly displayed and monitored [1]. The reliability of this tool though depends on S-CT assessment and calibration. To assess imaging quality and the use of HU values to display muscle composition different S-CT devices are compared using a Quasar body scanner [4]. Density distributions and volumes of various calibration elements such as lung, polyethylene, water equivalent, trabecular and dense bone are measured with different scanning protocols and at different points of time. The results show that every scanned element undergoes HU variations, which are greater for materials at the extremes of the HU scale, such as dense bone and lung inhale. Moreover S-CT scanning with low tube voltages (80KV) produces inaccurate HU values especially in bones. In conclusion, 3D-Color S-CT scanning is a powerful follow-up tool that may provide structural information at the mm scale, and thus may drive choice and timing to validate rehabilitation protocols.}, keywords = {Modelling}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Muscle tissue composition accounting for the relative content of muscle fibers and intramuscular adipose and loose fibrous tissues, can be efficiently analyzed and quantified using images from Spiral Computer Tomography (S-CT) technology and the associated distribution of Hounsfield (HU) values. Muscle density distribution, especially when including the whole muscle volume, provides remarkable information on the muscle condition. Different physiological and pathological scenarios can be depicted using the muscle characterization technique based on the HU values and the definition of appropriate intervals and the association of such intervals to different colours. Using this method atrophy, degeneration and restoration in denervated muscle undergoing electrical stimulation treatments can be clearly displayed and monitored [1]. The reliability of this tool though depends on S-CT assessment and calibration. To assess imaging quality and the use of HU values to display muscle composition different S-CT devices are compared using a Quasar body scanner [4]. Density distributions and volumes of various calibration elements such as lung, polyethylene, water equivalent, trabecular and dense bone are measured with different scanning protocols and at different points of time. The results show that every scanned element undergoes HU variations, which are greater for materials at the extremes of the HU scale, such as dense bone and lung inhale. Moreover S-CT scanning with low tube voltages (80KV) produces inaccurate HU values especially in bones. In conclusion, 3D-Color S-CT scanning is a powerful follow-up tool that may provide structural information at the mm scale, and thus may drive choice and timing to validate rehabilitation protocols. |
Krenn, M; Kneisz, L; Hanc, C; Rafolt, D; Bijak, M; Ciupa, R V; Mayr, W; Kollmann, C Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremity, SCI @proceedings{IFESS2010_059, title = {Activation threshold and contraction dynamics of quadriceps femoris heads measured with ultrasound imaging : a pilot study}, author = {M Krenn and L Kneisz and C Hanc and D Rafolt and M Bijak and R V Ciupa and W Mayr and C Kollmann}, editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf}, issn = {978-3-900928-09-4}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-09-01}, pages = {059}, publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria}, address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria}, abstract = {The assessment of muscle properties is of great interest for diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases. Ultrasound imaging can be used for analysis of muscle tissue dynamics in clinical practice. We examine the quadriceps femoris heads with different selective electrical stimulation settings. Therefore, electrodes are placed on the motor points of vastus lateralis, vastus medialis and rectus femoris. The femoral nerve is stimulated transcutaneous to activate the vastus intermedius. Initially the amplitude of the biphasic, rectangular stimulation impulse was increased until the activation threshold of each electrode setup was reached afterwards it was further increased in 5V steps to measure the contraction dynamics of the isometric twitches. The ultrasound measurements of the pilot study show that the vastus intermedius and the rectus femoris are stimulated selective with the different stimulation setups. Selective electrical stimulation and activation patterns are verified with measurements of the evoked myoelectric signal, twitch force and the muscle vibration. This study provides an insight on the behavior of muscle and potential mechanisms of muscle contractions.}, keywords = {Lower Extremity, SCI}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } The assessment of muscle properties is of great interest for diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases. Ultrasound imaging can be used for analysis of muscle tissue dynamics in clinical practice. We examine the quadriceps femoris heads with different selective electrical stimulation settings. Therefore, electrodes are placed on the motor points of vastus lateralis, vastus medialis and rectus femoris. The femoral nerve is stimulated transcutaneous to activate the vastus intermedius. Initially the amplitude of the biphasic, rectangular stimulation impulse was increased until the activation threshold of each electrode setup was reached afterwards it was further increased in 5V steps to measure the contraction dynamics of the isometric twitches. The ultrasound measurements of the pilot study show that the vastus intermedius and the rectus femoris are stimulated selective with the different stimulation setups. Selective electrical stimulation and activation patterns are verified with measurements of the evoked myoelectric signal, twitch force and the muscle vibration. This study provides an insight on the behavior of muscle and potential mechanisms of muscle contractions. |
Alvarado-Pacheco, L E; Ogilvie, R J; Chong, S L; Mushahwar, V K Active arm involvement in the rehabilitation of walking after spinal cord injury: a case study Proceeding Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI @proceedings{IFESS2010_067, title = {Active arm involvement in the rehabilitation of walking after spinal cord injury: a case study}, author = {L E Alvarado-Pacheco and R J Ogilvie and S L Chong and V K Mushahwar}, editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf}, issn = {978-3-900928-09-4}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-09-01}, pages = {067}, publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria}, address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria}, abstract = {The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of actively involving the arms along with the legs in a rehabilitation program to improve walking after incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). Interlimb modulation characterized by the swinging of the arms during walking in humans, involves neuronal pathways between the arm and leg control regions in the spinal cord. However, the arms are not actively involved in locomotion rehabilitation protocols currently in practice. We evaluated this new intervention in one subject with chronic iSCI using a combined arm/leg FES-assisted cycling ergometer. After completing 12 weeks of FES-assisted arm /leg cycling, the participant improved his overground walking ability and now requires one less assistive device for walking more than 10m. Walking speed improved by 23% (10m test), and endurance by 24% (6min test). Improvements in balance according to the Berg scale were observed. Beneficial changes in the activation pattern of leg muscles as well as in foot clearance are reported. The preliminary results suggest that this novel intervention may be effective in improving overground walking in people with iSCI.}, keywords = {Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of actively involving the arms along with the legs in a rehabilitation program to improve walking after incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). Interlimb modulation characterized by the swinging of the arms during walking in humans, involves neuronal pathways between the arm and leg control regions in the spinal cord. However, the arms are not actively involved in locomotion rehabilitation protocols currently in practice. We evaluated this new intervention in one subject with chronic iSCI using a combined arm/leg FES-assisted cycling ergometer. After completing 12 weeks of FES-assisted arm /leg cycling, the participant improved his overground walking ability and now requires one less assistive device for walking more than 10m. Walking speed improved by 23% (10m test), and endurance by 24% (6min test). Improvements in balance according to the Berg scale were observed. Beneficial changes in the activation pattern of leg muscles as well as in foot clearance are reported. The preliminary results suggest that this novel intervention may be effective in improving overground walking in people with iSCI. |
Donaldson, N; Vanhoestenberghe, A; Liu, X; Saeidi, N; Demosthenous, A; Schuettler, M Active Books: a practical way to increase the number of stimulation channels for FES after SCI? Proceeding Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Technology @proceedings{IFESS2010_009, title = {Active Books: a practical way to increase the number of stimulation channels for FES after SCI?}, author = {N Donaldson and A Vanhoestenberghe and X Liu and N Saeidi and A Demosthenous and M Schuettler}, editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf}, issn = {978-3-900928-09-4}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-09-01}, pages = {009}, publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria}, address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria}, abstract = {Progress in FES after spinal cord injury using motor neuron stimulation requires an implant that allows more stimulation channels but will be acceptable to informed volunteers. Stimulation of nerve rootlets allows more channels, probably with good reliability; much relevant useful clinical information is available from past usage of sacral anterior root stimulators. This paper outlines the main technical challenges presented by rootlet stimulation.}, keywords = {Technology}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Progress in FES after spinal cord injury using motor neuron stimulation requires an implant that allows more stimulation channels but will be acceptable to informed volunteers. Stimulation of nerve rootlets allows more channels, probably with good reliability; much relevant useful clinical information is available from past usage of sacral anterior root stimulators. This paper outlines the main technical challenges presented by rootlet stimulation. |
Ambrosini, E; Pedrocchi, A; Schauer, T; Nahrstaedt, H; Mazzocchio, R Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Algorithms - non invasive, Controls, Sensors @proceedings{IFESS2010_031, title = {Automatic real time procedure for adjusting the stimulus intensities to ensure reliable measurements of the H-re ex recruitment curve}, author = {E Ambrosini and A Pedrocchi and T Schauer and H Nahrstaedt and R Mazzocchio}, editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf}, issn = {978-3-900928-09-4}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-09-01}, pages = {031}, publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria}, address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria}, abstract = {Variability in the H-reflex can make it difficult to identify significant changes using traditional analysis techniques. This study presents an automatic real time procedure to adjust tibial nerve stimulus intensities to ensure reliable soleus Hreflex measurements. The procedure consists of 3 steps: (1) an acquisition of a full recruitment curve (RC); (2) a sigmoidal fitting of the ascending limb of the H-reflex RC to compute stimulus intensities needed to evoke the maximal H amplitude (Hmax) and the 50% of Hmax (H50); (3) reliable repeated-measurements of both Hmax and H50. Furthermore, the procedure can detect when changes in the H-reflex RC occur and redetermine the optimal stimulation intensities. Tests on one healthy subject were carried out both at rest and during voluntary contraction of the triceps surae muscle to provide a first validation of the procedure reliability. Significant differences were found between the 2 experimental conditions in the amplitudes of Hmax and H50 and in the homosynaptic depression, as found in literature. The procedure may be used at rest, during muscle contractions and could be particularly useful in prolonged experiments or after fatiguing exercises. Between-day and inter-subjects analyses will be next performed to fully validate the procedure.}, keywords = {Algorithms - non invasive, Controls, Sensors}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Variability in the H-reflex can make it difficult to identify significant changes using traditional analysis techniques. This study presents an automatic real time procedure to adjust tibial nerve stimulus intensities to ensure reliable soleus Hreflex measurements. The procedure consists of 3 steps: (1) an acquisition of a full recruitment curve (RC); (2) a sigmoidal fitting of the ascending limb of the H-reflex RC to compute stimulus intensities needed to evoke the maximal H amplitude (Hmax) and the 50% of Hmax (H50); (3) reliable repeated-measurements of both Hmax and H50. Furthermore, the procedure can detect when changes in the H-reflex RC occur and redetermine the optimal stimulation intensities. Tests on one healthy subject were carried out both at rest and during voluntary contraction of the triceps surae muscle to provide a first validation of the procedure reliability. Significant differences were found between the 2 experimental conditions in the amplitudes of Hmax and H50 and in the homosynaptic depression, as found in literature. The procedure may be used at rest, during muscle contractions and could be particularly useful in prolonged experiments or after fatiguing exercises. Between-day and inter-subjects analyses will be next performed to fully validate the procedure. |
DeJager, K; Donaldson, N; Newham, D J Bi-Moment Chair for the Measurement of Joint Moments Proceeding Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Scientific Poster Presentations @proceedings{IFESS2010_109, title = {Bi-Moment Chair for the Measurement of Joint Moments}, author = {K DeJager and N Donaldson and D J Newham}, editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf}, issn = {978-3-900928-09-4}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-09-01}, pages = {109}, publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria}, address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria}, abstract = {FES cycling for paraplegics is known to have low efficiency and power output. The reason for this is not currently understood, but is believed to partly be biomechanical in nature. It may be possible to improve the biomechanics by selectively stimulating the muscles in the quadriceps so that maximum knee extension can be achieved, with minimum hip flexion. To this end a bi-moment chair was developed to simultaneously measure knee and hip joint moments associated with various electrode positions. However, the results obtained were not as expected. This lead to an error analysis of the chair in which random and systematic errors were identified, and their influence on the resultant joint moments measured. Alternative causes for the unexpected results can now be considered, as the possibility of measurement error has been eliminated.}, keywords = {Scientific Poster Presentations}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } FES cycling for paraplegics is known to have low efficiency and power output. The reason for this is not currently understood, but is believed to partly be biomechanical in nature. It may be possible to improve the biomechanics by selectively stimulating the muscles in the quadriceps so that maximum knee extension can be achieved, with minimum hip flexion. To this end a bi-moment chair was developed to simultaneously measure knee and hip joint moments associated with various electrode positions. However, the results obtained were not as expected. This lead to an error analysis of the chair in which random and systematic errors were identified, and their influence on the resultant joint moments measured. Alternative causes for the unexpected results can now be considered, as the possibility of measurement error has been eliminated. |
Ferrante, S; Ambrosini, E; Ravelli, P; Ferrigno, G; Molteni, F; Pedrocchi, A Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Scientific Poster Presentations @proceedings{IFESS2010_115, title = {A biofeedback treatment based on FES to recover the medial hamstring use in stroke patients suffering of stiff legged gait}, author = {S Ferrante and E Ambrosini and P Ravelli and G Ferrigno and F Molteni and A Pedrocchi}, editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf}, issn = {978-3-900928-09-4}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-09-01}, pages = {115}, publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria}, address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria}, abstract = {It is widespread among hemiparetic patients an impairment of the medial hamstrings, which compromises knee flexion during gait. This disability is usually known as stiff-legged gait. A biofeedback treatment focalized on the recovery of the hamstrings action during the pulling phase of a cycling task was proposed. The patient was asked to pedal voluntarily, concentrating the maximum effort in the knee flexion of the paretic leg. At each revolution, the work produced in this phase was visually displayed to the patient. If the work was under a certain threshold, FES was provided to "remember" the subject the correct activation timing of the interested muscle. One hemiparetic patient, who suffered from stiff-legged gait, was involved in the treatment. After one session lasting 12 minutes, the patient improved the ability to activate the hamstrings during cycling. Longer treatments on more patients are needed to confirm the results. Furthermore, gait analysis before and after treatment may be an interesting tool to assess any progress in walking performance. The proposed treatment could become an attractive option in the recovery and strengthening of the medial hamstrings, combining the role of FES in improving motor relearning and the one of biofeedback in maximizing patient involvement.}, keywords = {Scientific Poster Presentations}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } It is widespread among hemiparetic patients an impairment of the medial hamstrings, which compromises knee flexion during gait. This disability is usually known as stiff-legged gait. A biofeedback treatment focalized on the recovery of the hamstrings action during the pulling phase of a cycling task was proposed. The patient was asked to pedal voluntarily, concentrating the maximum effort in the knee flexion of the paretic leg. At each revolution, the work produced in this phase was visually displayed to the patient. If the work was under a certain threshold, FES was provided to "remember" the subject the correct activation timing of the interested muscle. One hemiparetic patient, who suffered from stiff-legged gait, was involved in the treatment. After one session lasting 12 minutes, the patient improved the ability to activate the hamstrings during cycling. Longer treatments on more patients are needed to confirm the results. Furthermore, gait analysis before and after treatment may be an interesting tool to assess any progress in walking performance. The proposed treatment could become an attractive option in the recovery and strengthening of the medial hamstrings, combining the role of FES in improving motor relearning and the one of biofeedback in maximizing patient involvement. |
Nahrstaedt, H; Seidl, R O Bioimpedance based measurement system for a controlled swallowing neuro-prosthesis Proceeding Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Future Applications 1 @proceedings{IFESS2010_014, title = {Bioimpedance based measurement system for a controlled swallowing neuro-prosthesis}, author = {H Nahrstaedt and R O Seidl}, editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf}, issn = {978-3-900928-09-4}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-09-01}, pages = {014}, publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria}, address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria}, abstract = {Dysphagia has a huge impact on the quality of life. In this contribution, a measurement system is presented which allows an assessment of the swallowing process. Additionally, the system detects aspiration. Basis of the system is a two-channel bioimpedance measurement at the neck which can be extended by an EMG recording ?om the larynx's musculature. The feasibility of aspiration detection was experimentally demonstrated on an animal model. The proposed measurement may be used in both therapy and diagnosis of dysphagia. Within this contribution the idea of a controlled neuro-prosthesis is outlined.}, keywords = {Future Applications 1}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Dysphagia has a huge impact on the quality of life. In this contribution, a measurement system is presented which allows an assessment of the swallowing process. Additionally, the system detects aspiration. Basis of the system is a two-channel bioimpedance measurement at the neck which can be extended by an EMG recording ?om the larynx's musculature. The feasibility of aspiration detection was experimentally demonstrated on an animal model. The proposed measurement may be used in both therapy and diagnosis of dysphagia. Within this contribution the idea of a controlled neuro-prosthesis is outlined. |
McDonnall, D; Gossman, M D; Guillory, K S Blink prosthesis for facial paralysis patients Proceeding Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Scientific Poster Presentations @proceedings{IFESS2010_089, title = {Blink prosthesis for facial paralysis patients}, author = {D McDonnall and M D Gossman and K S Guillory}, editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler}, url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf}, issn = {978-3-900928-09-4}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-09-01}, pages = {089}, publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria}, address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria}, abstract = {Six subjects with profound facial paralysis were tested to determine the feasibility of restoring functional blink via electrical stimulation of the orbicularis oculi muscle (OOM) without also evoking painful sensations. Stimulation of the paretic eyelid was triggered by EMG detection of blink in contralateral healthy OOM to deliver charge during inhibition of the levator palpebrae antagonist. Transcutaneous and percutaneous stimulation electrode placements were tested during multiple stimulation trials in subjects. Stimulation was delivered via two constant voltage computer controlled channels. Sensory activation thresholds were approximately an order of magnitude lower for percutaneous stimulation (0.4 V) vs. transcutaneous stimulation (3 V). Exploration of multiple possible stimulation paradigms yielded a means by which sufficient muscle activation could be recruited to evoke complete eyelid closure without producing prohibitively painful sensation. Stimulation efficacy across subjects correlated with degree of patient neuromuscular recovery following initial paresis.}, keywords = {Scientific Poster Presentations}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {proceedings} } Six subjects with profound facial paralysis were tested to determine the feasibility of restoring functional blink via electrical stimulation of the orbicularis oculi muscle (OOM) without also evoking painful sensations. Stimulation of the paretic eyelid was triggered by EMG detection of blink in contralateral healthy OOM to deliver charge during inhibition of the levator palpebrae antagonist. Transcutaneous and percutaneous stimulation electrode placements were tested during multiple stimulation trials in subjects. Stimulation was delivered via two constant voltage computer controlled channels. Sensory activation thresholds were approximately an order of magnitude lower for percutaneous stimulation (0.4 V) vs. transcutaneous stimulation (3 V). Exploration of multiple possible stimulation paradigms yielded a means by which sufficient muscle activation could be recruited to evoke complete eyelid closure without producing prohibitively painful sensation. Stimulation efficacy across subjects correlated with degree of patient neuromuscular recovery following initial paresis. |
IFESS Conference Proceedings
2011 |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Challenges for the design of an endoscopically implanted electrostimulator Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Comparative review of weight loss methods in overweight People Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Contralaterally triggered eyeblink for the paralyzed eyelid: stimulation pattern and tricks Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Decreasing the arm participation in complete paraplegic FES-assisted sit to stand Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Dynamometric evaluation of NMES treatment on patients with tetraplegia Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Effect of FES Cycle Training Cadence on Velocity-specific Power Outputs in Individuals with SCI Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Effects of rigid ankle foot orthoses on paraplegic gait with neuromuscular electrical stimulation Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Electrical stimulation and the anthropological "post-human" body: FES Sport Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
History of Motor FES: who were the pioneers? Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Hybrid System: a Pilot Evaluation for a Therapeutic Proposal in Quadriplegia Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Imaging of the spinal cord injury: techniques for diagnosis, follow up and research Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Increasing muscular participation in robot-assisted gait training using FES Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
INTFES: A multi-pad electrode system for selective transcutaneous electrical muscle stimulation Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Investigation of fibre size stimulation selectivity using earthworm model Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Iterative Learning Mediated FES in Stroke Rehabilitation Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Knee's Radiographic Exam on Spinal Cord Injury Patients Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Manual control of 4ch fes rowing Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Model-based fatigue assessment Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Neuropathic Pain in People with Spinal Cord Injury: Quantitative Clinical Trials Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Neuropathic pain in Spinal Cord Injury Subjects: Somatosensory differences Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
The oxford 'bladder button' in detrusor overactivity Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Performance improvement of walker-assisted FES-supported paraplegic walking Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Shoulder pain in spinal cord injured patients in rehabilitation program with electrical stimulation Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Tremor attenuation based on joint impedance modulation using FES Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
Wheelchair transfer kinematics assessment for paraplegic subjects Proceeding Atha Communication and Publishing Machado, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2011, ISSN: none. |
2010 |
Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. |
Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. |
Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. |
Active arm involvement in the rehabilitation of walking after spinal cord injury: a case study Proceeding Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. |
Active Books: a practical way to increase the number of stimulation channels for FES after SCI? Proceeding Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. |
Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. |
Bi-Moment Chair for the Measurement of Joint Moments Proceeding Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. |
Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. |
Bioimpedance based measurement system for a controlled swallowing neuro-prosthesis Proceeding Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. |
Blink prosthesis for facial paralysis patients Proceeding Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4. |