2010
Gandolla, M; Casellato, C; Ferrante, S; Ferrigno, G; Baselli, G; Molteni, F; Martegani, A; Frattini, T; Pedrocchi, A
Brain activation during active, passive and FES-induced movements: a feasibility fMRI study Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 060, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_060b,
title = {Brain activation during active, passive and FES-induced movements: a feasibility fMRI study},
author = {M Gandolla and C Casellato and S Ferrante and G Ferrigno and G Baselli and F Molteni and A Martegani and T Frattini and A Pedrocchi},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
issn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {060},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {The objective of the present study was to perform a multi-modal analysis of brain activation maps induced by specific motor task execution in healthy subjects. Experimental set-up was composed by fMRI and a motion capture system so as to acquire the effectively executed movement. Ankle DorsiFlexion (ADF) was chosen as analyzed task because of its importance in the gait cycle. The specific goal was to individuate how amplitude affects the related cerebral flow maps in active, passive and electrical stimulated (FES) movements. Firstly FES compatibility with fMRI images acquisition was assessed, for the safety of both subject and device, and for mutual disturbances evaluation. A single subject underwent the block designed experimental protocol and brain activation maps analysis has been performed. First level analysis to compare different execution modalities and different movement amplitudes has been performed and preliminary qualitative results suggest that amplitude affects brain activation maps and that FES movements have an effective relation with motor re-learning, which is not shown in passive movement modality. The long run application is the exploitation of this multi-modal system in the evaluation of neurological patients functional recovery where the definition of the motor tasks could be only partially accomplished depending on the patient residual functionality.},
keywords = {Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The objective of the present study was to perform a multi-modal analysis of brain activation maps induced by specific motor task execution in healthy subjects. Experimental set-up was composed by fMRI and a motion capture system so as to acquire the effectively executed movement. Ankle DorsiFlexion (ADF) was chosen as analyzed task because of its importance in the gait cycle. The specific goal was to individuate how amplitude affects the related cerebral flow maps in active, passive and electrical stimulated (FES) movements. Firstly FES compatibility with fMRI images acquisition was assessed, for the safety of both subject and device, and for mutual disturbances evaluation. A single subject underwent the block designed experimental protocol and brain activation maps analysis has been performed. First level analysis to compare different execution modalities and different movement amplitudes has been performed and preliminary qualitative results suggest that amplitude affects brain activation maps and that FES movements have an effective relation with motor re-learning, which is not shown in passive movement modality. The long run application is the exploitation of this multi-modal system in the evaluation of neurological patients functional recovery where the definition of the motor tasks could be only partially accomplished depending on the patient residual functionality.
Craven, C; Gollee, H; Purcell, M; Allan, D
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 071, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_071b,
title = {Cardiopulmonary responses to active and electrically stimulated stepping, with robotics assistance in early-stage spinal cord injury},
author = {C Craven and H Gollee and M Purcell and D Allan},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
issn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {071},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {Early stage spinal cord injury involves a period of bed rest and low activity. Subsequent co-factors such as low blood pressure and muscle atrophy lead to a decrease in cardiopulmonary fitness. It is proposed here that the introduction of an appropriate training programme during the early stage of injury may attenuate this loss of fitness. This work examined the cardiopulmonary responses of three motor complete and three motor incomplete spinal cord injured subjects to a number of robotics-assisted stepping exercises. Subjects participated in periods of passive, active and electrically stimulated stepping. Increases in a number of cardiopulmonary parameters were observed with some subjects, in response to these exercises. These results show that those with an incomplete SCI may benefit from this form training during the early phase of injury.},
keywords = {Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Early stage spinal cord injury involves a period of bed rest and low activity. Subsequent co-factors such as low blood pressure and muscle atrophy lead to a decrease in cardiopulmonary fitness. It is proposed here that the introduction of an appropriate training programme during the early stage of injury may attenuate this loss of fitness. This work examined the cardiopulmonary responses of three motor complete and three motor incomplete spinal cord injured subjects to a number of robotics-assisted stepping exercises. Subjects participated in periods of passive, active and electrically stimulated stepping. Increases in a number of cardiopulmonary parameters were observed with some subjects, in response to these exercises. These results show that those with an incomplete SCI may benefit from this form training during the early phase of injury.
Hakansson, N; Kesar, T; Reisman, D; Binder-Macleod, S A; Higginson, J
Effects of FastFES Gait Training on Mechanical Recovery in Post-Stroke Gait Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 056, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_056b,
title = {Effects of FastFES Gait Training on Mechanical Recovery in Post-Stroke Gait},
author = {N Hakansson and T Kesar and D Reisman and S A Binder-Macleod and J Higginson},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
issn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {056},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {Stroke leads to gait impairments that can negatively influence quality of life. FES applied during fast walking is an effective gait rehabilitation strategy that can lead to improvements in gait performance, walking speed and endurance, balance, activity, and participation post-stroke. The effect of fast FES gait training on mechanical energy utilization is not well understood. The objective of this study was to test the effects of 12-weeks of FES gait training on mechanical recovery indices of post-stroke gait. Kinematic data were collected from 11 stroke survivors before and after 12-weeks of FES training. Mechanical recovery was calculated from the positive changes in vertical, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral components of COM energy. The average mechanical recovery increased from 34.5% before training to 40.0% after training. The increase was statistically significant (p=.014). The average self-selected walking speed increased from 0.4m/s to 0.7m/s after the 12-week FES training. The results indicate that the subjects were better able to generate and utilize the external mechanical energy of walking after FES gait training. FES gait training has the capacity to increase the gait speed, improve the mechanical recovery, and reduce the mechanical energy expenditure of stroke survivors when they walk.},
keywords = {Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Stroke leads to gait impairments that can negatively influence quality of life. FES applied during fast walking is an effective gait rehabilitation strategy that can lead to improvements in gait performance, walking speed and endurance, balance, activity, and participation post-stroke. The effect of fast FES gait training on mechanical energy utilization is not well understood. The objective of this study was to test the effects of 12-weeks of FES gait training on mechanical recovery indices of post-stroke gait. Kinematic data were collected from 11 stroke survivors before and after 12-weeks of FES training. Mechanical recovery was calculated from the positive changes in vertical, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral components of COM energy. The average mechanical recovery increased from 34.5% before training to 40.0% after training. The increase was statistically significant (p=.014). The average self-selected walking speed increased from 0.4m/s to 0.7m/s after the 12-week FES training. The results indicate that the subjects were better able to generate and utilize the external mechanical energy of walking after FES gait training. FES gait training has the capacity to increase the gait speed, improve the mechanical recovery, and reduce the mechanical energy expenditure of stroke survivors when they walk.
Curtis, C A; Chong, S L; Mushahwar, V K
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 069, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_069b,
title = {The effects of intermittent electrical stimulation with varying load and stimulation paradigms for the prevention of deep tissue injury},
author = {C A Curtis and S L Chong and V K Mushahwar},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
issn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {069},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {A pressure ulcer is a medical complication that arises in persons with decreased mobility and/or sensation. Deep pressure ulcers starting at the bone-muscle interface are the most dangerous, as they can cause extensive damage before showing any signs at the skin surface. We proposed a novel intervention called intermittent electrical stimulation (IES) for the prevention of deep tissue injury. In this study, we tested the effects of four paradigms of IES and one conventional pressure relief paradigm in preventing the formation of deep pressure ulcers in rats. Pressures equivalent to 18%, 28%, or 38% of the body weight of each rat were applied to the triceps surae muscle in one limb. Treatment groups received IES every ten minutes for either 5s or 10s and maximal or moderate contraction, or complete pressure removal every ten minutes for 10s. The results showed that conventional pressure relief, emulating a wheelchair pushup every ten minutes, was inadequate for the prevention of deep tissue injury. In contrast, all IES paradigms were equally effective in significantly reducing the extent of deep muscle damage caused by 28% or 38% BW pressure application. This outcome provides important information for the development of an alternative method for pressure ulcer prevention.},
keywords = {Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
A pressure ulcer is a medical complication that arises in persons with decreased mobility and/or sensation. Deep pressure ulcers starting at the bone-muscle interface are the most dangerous, as they can cause extensive damage before showing any signs at the skin surface. We proposed a novel intervention called intermittent electrical stimulation (IES) for the prevention of deep tissue injury. In this study, we tested the effects of four paradigms of IES and one conventional pressure relief paradigm in preventing the formation of deep pressure ulcers in rats. Pressures equivalent to 18%, 28%, or 38% of the body weight of each rat were applied to the triceps surae muscle in one limb. Treatment groups received IES every ten minutes for either 5s or 10s and maximal or moderate contraction, or complete pressure removal every ten minutes for 10s. The results showed that conventional pressure relief, emulating a wheelchair pushup every ten minutes, was inadequate for the prevention of deep tissue injury. In contrast, all IES paradigms were equally effective in significantly reducing the extent of deep muscle damage caused by 28% or 38% BW pressure application. This outcome provides important information for the development of an alternative method for pressure ulcer prevention.
Davis, G; Estigoni, E; Fornusek, C; Smith, R
Effects of Recovery after Fatigue on M-wave vs Torque Relationships during Isometric FES-induced Contractions Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 072, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_072b,
title = {Effects of Recovery after Fatigue on M-wave vs Torque Relationships during Isometric FES-induced Contractions},
author = {G Davis and E Estigoni and C Fornusek and R Smith},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
issn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {072},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {FES-evoked electromyography (eEMG) has been used to characterize the onset of fatigue in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the relationship between eEMG and muscle torque is not always consistent amongst individuals nor over repeated bouts of FES-exercise. Purpose: This study investigated whether the relationship between Torque and eEMG variables remained constant after short recovery periods between repeated bouts of isometric FES contractions. Methods: Six SCI males volunteered to participate in this study. We employed a custom-built evoked EMG acquisition system to control FES and synchronize myoelectric signals with torque data from a Biodex muscle dynamometer. Each subject performed 3 FES-induced isometric contractions with the knee at 60 deg separated by recovery periods. Results: Inspection of time curves revealed that key m-wave variables recovered at a faster rate than did muscle torque during and after the 2nd and 3rd contractions. Different patterns emerged between individuals, but there was a clear trend for eEMG data to "recover" more quickly after repeated muscle stimulation. Conclusions: Since the relationships between m-waves and muscle torque was not consistent between the 3 contractions, the potential use of eEMG signals as a proxy for muscle fatigue must be further investigated. Clinicians may need to re-plan their strategies for using eEMG as feedback for muscle fatigue in SCI individuals and further explore the different causes of fatigue during FES-induced exercise.},
keywords = {Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
FES-evoked electromyography (eEMG) has been used to characterize the onset of fatigue in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the relationship between eEMG and muscle torque is not always consistent amongst individuals nor over repeated bouts of FES-exercise. Purpose: This study investigated whether the relationship between Torque and eEMG variables remained constant after short recovery periods between repeated bouts of isometric FES contractions. Methods: Six SCI males volunteered to participate in this study. We employed a custom-built evoked EMG acquisition system to control FES and synchronize myoelectric signals with torque data from a Biodex muscle dynamometer. Each subject performed 3 FES-induced isometric contractions with the knee at 60 deg separated by recovery periods. Results: Inspection of time curves revealed that key m-wave variables recovered at a faster rate than did muscle torque during and after the 2nd and 3rd contractions. Different patterns emerged between individuals, but there was a clear trend for eEMG data to "recover" more quickly after repeated muscle stimulation. Conclusions: Since the relationships between m-waves and muscle torque was not consistent between the 3 contractions, the potential use of eEMG signals as a proxy for muscle fatigue must be further investigated. Clinicians may need to re-plan their strategies for using eEMG as feedback for muscle fatigue in SCI individuals and further explore the different causes of fatigue during FES-induced exercise.
Carraro, U; Kern, H
Home-based FES in SCI: Recovery of tetanic contractility drives the structural improvements of denervated muscles Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 065, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISSN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_065b,
title = {Home-based FES in SCI: Recovery of tetanic contractility drives the structural improvements of denervated muscles},
author = {U Carraro and H Kern},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
issn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {065},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {Spinal-cord injury causes muscle atrophy, which is particularly severe when lower motor neurons are involved. We performed a longitudinal study in 25 patients suffering from complete lesion of Conus Cauda from 0.7 to 8.7 years comparing functional and structural thigh muscle properties before and after 2 years of home-based training by Functional Electrical Stimulation (h-b FES). Muscles were electrically stimulated by means of large surface electrodes and a custom-designed stimulator. The poor excitability of the lower motor neuron denervated muscles was improved first by twitch-contraction training and then by tetanic contractions elicited against progressively increased loading. Improvement of thigh muscle properties was estimated by transverse computer tomography scan and force measurements. In addition, needle biopsies of vastus lateralis were harvested before and after the two-years of h-b FES. Twenty out of 25 patients completed the two year h-b FES program, which resulted in: 1. significant increase of muscle size (the cross sectional area of the quadriceps increased from 28.2textpm8.1 to 38.1textpm12.7 cm2, p<0.001, +35%, and the mean diameter of muscle fibers from 16.6textpm14.3 to 29.1textpm23.3 um, p<0.001, +75%), accompanied by improvements of the ultra-structural organization of contractile material; and 2. a significant increase in force output during electrical stimulation (from 0.8textpm1.3 to 10.3textpm8.1 Nm, p<0.001, + 1187%). Important benefits for the patients are the improved cosmetic appearance of lower extremities and the enhanced cushioning effect for seating. The EU Project Rise shows that "home-based FES" is a safe and effective therapy that may maintain life-long physical exercise by active muscle contraction (FES is the only option for denervated muscle) to be used as a procedure to recover tetanic contractility of denervated muscle, and to counteract muscle atrophy in order to prevent long-term complications of SCI.},
keywords = {Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Spinal-cord injury causes muscle atrophy, which is particularly severe when lower motor neurons are involved. We performed a longitudinal study in 25 patients suffering from complete lesion of Conus Cauda from 0.7 to 8.7 years comparing functional and structural thigh muscle properties before and after 2 years of home-based training by Functional Electrical Stimulation (h-b FES). Muscles were electrically stimulated by means of large surface electrodes and a custom-designed stimulator. The poor excitability of the lower motor neuron denervated muscles was improved first by twitch-contraction training and then by tetanic contractions elicited against progressively increased loading. Improvement of thigh muscle properties was estimated by transverse computer tomography scan and force measurements. In addition, needle biopsies of vastus lateralis were harvested before and after the two-years of h-b FES. Twenty out of 25 patients completed the two year h-b FES program, which resulted in: 1. significant increase of muscle size (the cross sectional area of the quadriceps increased from 28.2textpm8.1 to 38.1textpm12.7 cm2, p<0.001, +35%, and the mean diameter of muscle fibers from 16.6textpm14.3 to 29.1textpm23.3 um, p<0.001, +75%), accompanied by improvements of the ultra-structural organization of contractile material; and 2. a significant increase in force output during electrical stimulation (from 0.8textpm1.3 to 10.3textpm8.1 Nm, p<0.001, + 1187%). Important benefits for the patients are the improved cosmetic appearance of lower extremities and the enhanced cushioning effect for seating. The EU Project Rise shows that "home-based FES" is a safe and effective therapy that may maintain life-long physical exercise by active muscle contraction (FES is the only option for denervated muscle) to be used as a procedure to recover tetanic contractility of denervated muscle, and to counteract muscle atrophy in order to prevent long-term complications of SCI.
Krenn, M; Kneisz, L; Hanc, C; Rafolt, D; Bijak, M; Ciupa, R V; Mayr, W; Kollmann, C
Activation threshold and contraction dynamics of quadriceps femoris heads measured with ultrasound imaging : a pilot study Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 059, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_059,
title = {Activation threshold and contraction dynamics of quadriceps femoris heads measured with ultrasound imaging : a pilot study},
author = {M Krenn and L Kneisz and C Hanc and D Rafolt and M Bijak and R V Ciupa and W Mayr and C Kollmann},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {059},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {The assessment of muscle properties is of great interest for diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases. Ultrasound imaging can be used for analysis of muscle tissue dynamics in clinical practice. We examine the quadriceps femoris heads with different selective electrical stimulation settings. Therefore, electrodes are placed on the motor points of vastus lateralis, vastus medialis and rectus femoris. The femoral nerve is stimulated transcutaneous to activate the vastus intermedius. Initially the amplitude of the biphasic, rectangular stimulation impulse was increased until the activation threshold of each electrode setup was reached afterwards it was further increased in 5V steps to measure the contraction dynamics of the isometric twitches. The ultrasound measurements of the pilot study show that the vastus intermedius and the rectus femoris are stimulated selective with the different stimulation setups. Selective electrical stimulation and activation patterns are verified with measurements of the evoked myoelectric signal, twitch force and the muscle vibration. This study provides an insight on the behavior of muscle and potential mechanisms of muscle contractions.},
keywords = {Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The assessment of muscle properties is of great interest for diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases. Ultrasound imaging can be used for analysis of muscle tissue dynamics in clinical practice. We examine the quadriceps femoris heads with different selective electrical stimulation settings. Therefore, electrodes are placed on the motor points of vastus lateralis, vastus medialis and rectus femoris. The femoral nerve is stimulated transcutaneous to activate the vastus intermedius. Initially the amplitude of the biphasic, rectangular stimulation impulse was increased until the activation threshold of each electrode setup was reached afterwards it was further increased in 5V steps to measure the contraction dynamics of the isometric twitches. The ultrasound measurements of the pilot study show that the vastus intermedius and the rectus femoris are stimulated selective with the different stimulation setups. Selective electrical stimulation and activation patterns are verified with measurements of the evoked myoelectric signal, twitch force and the muscle vibration. This study provides an insight on the behavior of muscle and potential mechanisms of muscle contractions.
Alvarado-Pacheco, L E; Ogilvie, R J; Chong, S L; Mushahwar, V K
Active arm involvement in the rehabilitation of walking after spinal cord injury: a case study Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 067, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_067,
title = {Active arm involvement in the rehabilitation of walking after spinal cord injury: a case study},
author = {L E Alvarado-Pacheco and R J Ogilvie and S L Chong and V K Mushahwar},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {067},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of actively involving the arms along with the legs in a rehabilitation program to improve walking after incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). Interlimb modulation characterized by the swinging of the arms during walking in humans, involves neuronal pathways between the arm and leg control regions in the spinal cord. However, the arms are not actively involved in locomotion rehabilitation protocols currently in practice. We evaluated this new intervention in one subject with chronic iSCI using a combined arm/leg FES-assisted cycling ergometer. After completing 12 weeks of FES-assisted arm /leg cycling, the participant improved his overground walking ability and now requires one less assistive device for walking more than 10m. Walking speed improved by 23% (10m test), and endurance by 24% (6min test). Improvements in balance according to the Berg scale were observed. Beneficial changes in the activation pattern of leg muscles as well as in foot clearance are reported. The preliminary results suggest that this novel intervention may be effective in improving overground walking in people with iSCI.},
keywords = {Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of actively involving the arms along with the legs in a rehabilitation program to improve walking after incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). Interlimb modulation characterized by the swinging of the arms during walking in humans, involves neuronal pathways between the arm and leg control regions in the spinal cord. However, the arms are not actively involved in locomotion rehabilitation protocols currently in practice. We evaluated this new intervention in one subject with chronic iSCI using a combined arm/leg FES-assisted cycling ergometer. After completing 12 weeks of FES-assisted arm /leg cycling, the participant improved his overground walking ability and now requires one less assistive device for walking more than 10m. Walking speed improved by 23% (10m test), and endurance by 24% (6min test). Improvements in balance according to the Berg scale were observed. Beneficial changes in the activation pattern of leg muscles as well as in foot clearance are reported. The preliminary results suggest that this novel intervention may be effective in improving overground walking in people with iSCI.
Gandolla, M; Casellato, C; Ferrante, S; Ferrigno, G; Baselli, G; Molteni, F; Martegani, A; Frattini, T; Pedrocchi, A
Brain activation during active, passive and FES-induced movements: a feasibility fMRI study Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 060, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_060,
title = {Brain activation during active, passive and FES-induced movements: a feasibility fMRI study},
author = {M Gandolla and C Casellato and S Ferrante and G Ferrigno and G Baselli and F Molteni and A Martegani and T Frattini and A Pedrocchi},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {060},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {The objective of the present study was to perform a multi-modal analysis of brain activation maps induced by specific motor task execution in healthy subjects. Experimental set-up was composed by fMRI and a motion capture system so as to acquire the effectively executed movement. Ankle DorsiFlexion (ADF) was chosen as analyzed task because of its importance in the gait cycle. The specific goal was to individuate how amplitude affects the related cerebral flow maps in active, passive and electrical stimulated (FES) movements. Firstly FES compatibility with fMRI images acquisition was assessed, for the safety of both subject and device, and for mutual disturbances evaluation. A single subject underwent the block designed experimental protocol and brain activation maps analysis has been performed. First level analysis to compare different execution modalities and different movement amplitudes has been performed and preliminary qualitative results suggest that amplitude affects brain activation maps and that FES movements have an effective relation with motor re-learning, which is not shown in passive movement modality. The long run application is the exploitation of this multi-modal system in the evaluation of neurological patients functional recovery where the definition of the motor tasks could be only partially accomplished depending on the patient residual functionality.},
keywords = {Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The objective of the present study was to perform a multi-modal analysis of brain activation maps induced by specific motor task execution in healthy subjects. Experimental set-up was composed by fMRI and a motion capture system so as to acquire the effectively executed movement. Ankle DorsiFlexion (ADF) was chosen as analyzed task because of its importance in the gait cycle. The specific goal was to individuate how amplitude affects the related cerebral flow maps in active, passive and electrical stimulated (FES) movements. Firstly FES compatibility with fMRI images acquisition was assessed, for the safety of both subject and device, and for mutual disturbances evaluation. A single subject underwent the block designed experimental protocol and brain activation maps analysis has been performed. First level analysis to compare different execution modalities and different movement amplitudes has been performed and preliminary qualitative results suggest that amplitude affects brain activation maps and that FES movements have an effective relation with motor re-learning, which is not shown in passive movement modality. The long run application is the exploitation of this multi-modal system in the evaluation of neurological patients functional recovery where the definition of the motor tasks could be only partially accomplished depending on the patient residual functionality.
Craven, C; Gollee, H; Purcell, M; Allan, D
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 071, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_071,
title = {Cardiopulmonary responses to active and electrically stimulated stepping, with robotics assistance in early-stage spinal cord injury},
author = {C Craven and H Gollee and M Purcell and D Allan},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {071},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {Early stage spinal cord injury involves a period of bed rest and low activity. Subsequent co-factors such as low blood pressure and muscle atrophy lead to a decrease in cardiopulmonary fitness. It is proposed here that the introduction of an appropriate training programme during the early stage of injury may attenuate this loss of fitness. This work examined the cardiopulmonary responses of three motor complete and three motor incomplete spinal cord injured subjects to a number of robotics-assisted stepping exercises. Subjects participated in periods of passive, active and electrically stimulated stepping. Increases in a number of cardiopulmonary parameters were observed with some subjects, in response to these exercises. These results show that those with an incomplete SCI may benefit from this form training during the early phase of injury.},
keywords = {Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Early stage spinal cord injury involves a period of bed rest and low activity. Subsequent co-factors such as low blood pressure and muscle atrophy lead to a decrease in cardiopulmonary fitness. It is proposed here that the introduction of an appropriate training programme during the early stage of injury may attenuate this loss of fitness. This work examined the cardiopulmonary responses of three motor complete and three motor incomplete spinal cord injured subjects to a number of robotics-assisted stepping exercises. Subjects participated in periods of passive, active and electrically stimulated stepping. Increases in a number of cardiopulmonary parameters were observed with some subjects, in response to these exercises. These results show that those with an incomplete SCI may benefit from this form training during the early phase of injury.
Hakansson, N; Kesar, T; Reisman, D; Binder-Macleod, S A; Higginson, J
Effects of FastFES Gait Training on Mechanical Recovery in Post-Stroke Gait Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 056, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_056,
title = {Effects of FastFES Gait Training on Mechanical Recovery in Post-Stroke Gait},
author = {N Hakansson and T Kesar and D Reisman and S A Binder-Macleod and J Higginson},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {056},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {Stroke leads to gait impairments that can negatively influence quality of life. FES applied during fast walking is an effective gait rehabilitation strategy that can lead to improvements in gait performance, walking speed and endurance, balance, activity, and participation post-stroke. The effect of fast FES gait training on mechanical energy utilization is not well understood. The objective of this study was to test the effects of 12-weeks of FES gait training on mechanical recovery indices of post-stroke gait. Kinematic data were collected from 11 stroke survivors before and after 12-weeks of FES training. Mechanical recovery was calculated from the positive changes in vertical, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral components of COM energy. The average mechanical recovery increased from 34.5% before training to 40.0% after training. The increase was statistically significant (p=.014). The average self-selected walking speed increased from 0.4m/s to 0.7m/s after the 12-week FES training. The results indicate that the subjects were better able to generate and utilize the external mechanical energy of walking after FES gait training. FES gait training has the capacity to increase the gait speed, improve the mechanical recovery, and reduce the mechanical energy expenditure of stroke survivors when they walk.},
keywords = {Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Stroke leads to gait impairments that can negatively influence quality of life. FES applied during fast walking is an effective gait rehabilitation strategy that can lead to improvements in gait performance, walking speed and endurance, balance, activity, and participation post-stroke. The effect of fast FES gait training on mechanical energy utilization is not well understood. The objective of this study was to test the effects of 12-weeks of FES gait training on mechanical recovery indices of post-stroke gait. Kinematic data were collected from 11 stroke survivors before and after 12-weeks of FES training. Mechanical recovery was calculated from the positive changes in vertical, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral components of COM energy. The average mechanical recovery increased from 34.5% before training to 40.0% after training. The increase was statistically significant (p=.014). The average self-selected walking speed increased from 0.4m/s to 0.7m/s after the 12-week FES training. The results indicate that the subjects were better able to generate and utilize the external mechanical energy of walking after FES gait training. FES gait training has the capacity to increase the gait speed, improve the mechanical recovery, and reduce the mechanical energy expenditure of stroke survivors when they walk.
Curtis, C A; Chong, S L; Mushahwar, V K
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 069, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_069,
title = {The effects of intermittent electrical stimulation with varying load and stimulation paradigms for the prevention of deep tissue injury},
author = {C A Curtis and S L Chong and V K Mushahwar},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {069},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {A pressure ulcer is a medical complication that arises in persons with decreased mobility and/or sensation. Deep pressure ulcers starting at the bone-muscle interface are the most dangerous, as they can cause extensive damage before showing any signs at the skin surface. We proposed a novel intervention called intermittent electrical stimulation (IES) for the prevention of deep tissue injury. In this study, we tested the effects of four paradigms of IES and one conventional pressure relief paradigm in preventing the formation of deep pressure ulcers in rats. Pressures equivalent to 18%, 28%, or 38% of the body weight of each rat were applied to the triceps surae muscle in one limb. Treatment groups received IES every ten minutes for either 5s or 10s and maximal or moderate contraction, or complete pressure removal every ten minutes for 10s. The results showed that conventional pressure relief, emulating a wheelchair pushup every ten minutes, was inadequate for the prevention of deep tissue injury. In contrast, all IES paradigms were equally effective in significantly reducing the extent of deep muscle damage caused by 28% or 38% BW pressure application. This outcome provides important information for the development of an alternative method for pressure ulcer prevention.},
keywords = {Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
A pressure ulcer is a medical complication that arises in persons with decreased mobility and/or sensation. Deep pressure ulcers starting at the bone-muscle interface are the most dangerous, as they can cause extensive damage before showing any signs at the skin surface. We proposed a novel intervention called intermittent electrical stimulation (IES) for the prevention of deep tissue injury. In this study, we tested the effects of four paradigms of IES and one conventional pressure relief paradigm in preventing the formation of deep pressure ulcers in rats. Pressures equivalent to 18%, 28%, or 38% of the body weight of each rat were applied to the triceps surae muscle in one limb. Treatment groups received IES every ten minutes for either 5s or 10s and maximal or moderate contraction, or complete pressure removal every ten minutes for 10s. The results showed that conventional pressure relief, emulating a wheelchair pushup every ten minutes, was inadequate for the prevention of deep tissue injury. In contrast, all IES paradigms were equally effective in significantly reducing the extent of deep muscle damage caused by 28% or 38% BW pressure application. This outcome provides important information for the development of an alternative method for pressure ulcer prevention.
Davis, G; Estigoni, E; Fornusek, C; Smith, R
Effects of Recovery after Fatigue on M-wave vs Torque Relationships during Isometric FES-induced Contractions Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 072, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_072,
title = {Effects of Recovery after Fatigue on M-wave vs Torque Relationships during Isometric FES-induced Contractions},
author = {G Davis and E Estigoni and C Fornusek and R Smith},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {072},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {FES-evoked electromyography (eEMG) has been used to characterize the onset of fatigue in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the relationship between eEMG and muscle torque is not always consistent amongst individuals nor over repeated bouts of FES-exercise. Purpose: This study investigated whether the relationship between Torque and eEMG variables remained constant after short recovery periods between repeated bouts of isometric FES contractions. Methods: Six SCI males volunteered to participate in this study. We employed a custom-built evoked EMG acquisition system to control FES and synchronize myoelectric signals with torque data from a Biodex muscle dynamometer. Each subject performed 3 FES-induced isometric contractions with the knee at 60 deg separated by recovery periods. Results: Inspection of time curves revealed that key m-wave variables recovered at a faster rate than did muscle torque during and after the 2nd and 3rd contractions. Different patterns emerged between individuals, but there was a clear trend for eEMG data to "recover" more quickly after repeated muscle stimulation. Conclusions: Since the relationships between m-waves and muscle torque was not consistent between the 3 contractions, the potential use of eEMG signals as a proxy for muscle fatigue must be further investigated. Clinicians may need to re-plan their strategies for using eEMG as feedback for muscle fatigue in SCI individuals and further explore the different causes of fatigue during FES-induced exercise.},
keywords = {Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
FES-evoked electromyography (eEMG) has been used to characterize the onset of fatigue in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the relationship between eEMG and muscle torque is not always consistent amongst individuals nor over repeated bouts of FES-exercise. Purpose: This study investigated whether the relationship between Torque and eEMG variables remained constant after short recovery periods between repeated bouts of isometric FES contractions. Methods: Six SCI males volunteered to participate in this study. We employed a custom-built evoked EMG acquisition system to control FES and synchronize myoelectric signals with torque data from a Biodex muscle dynamometer. Each subject performed 3 FES-induced isometric contractions with the knee at 60 deg separated by recovery periods. Results: Inspection of time curves revealed that key m-wave variables recovered at a faster rate than did muscle torque during and after the 2nd and 3rd contractions. Different patterns emerged between individuals, but there was a clear trend for eEMG data to "recover" more quickly after repeated muscle stimulation. Conclusions: Since the relationships between m-waves and muscle torque was not consistent between the 3 contractions, the potential use of eEMG signals as a proxy for muscle fatigue must be further investigated. Clinicians may need to re-plan their strategies for using eEMG as feedback for muscle fatigue in SCI individuals and further explore the different causes of fatigue during FES-induced exercise.
Miljkovic, N; Kojovic, J; Jankovic, M M; Popovic, D B
An EMG based system for assessment of recovery of movement Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 054, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_054,
title = {An EMG based system for assessment of recovery of movement},
author = {N Miljkovic and J Kojovic and M M Jankovic and D B Popovic},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {054},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {We present a polymyography based method to study the recovery after stroke. The method relies on an instrument comprising amplifiers for polymyography, joint angle transducers, software for data acquisition and visual feedback (target and achieved trajectory). The user-friendly, menu driven software allows intuitive use to clinicians. The instrument that we developed can capture up to 16 signals (between -5V and 5 V) which characterize movement (EMG, goniometers, accelerometers, gyroscopes, force sensors, etc.) and send wirelessly processed signals to a host computer. We demonstrate the method and the instrument by presenting a cohort clinical study where we followed EMG during voluntary dorsiflexion in five stroke patients before and after the intensive walking exercise augmented with multichannel electrical stimulation (Functional Electrical Therapy). The reference data were the recordings from five healthy subjects. We introduced a new measure Rm as the ratio between the median (line which divides the area under the EMG envelope in time domain in two equal regions) in patients and healthy subjects. We show that the recovery of function (dorsiflexion) and Rm were well correlated in this study.},
keywords = {Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
We present a polymyography based method to study the recovery after stroke. The method relies on an instrument comprising amplifiers for polymyography, joint angle transducers, software for data acquisition and visual feedback (target and achieved trajectory). The user-friendly, menu driven software allows intuitive use to clinicians. The instrument that we developed can capture up to 16 signals (between -5V and 5 V) which characterize movement (EMG, goniometers, accelerometers, gyroscopes, force sensors, etc.) and send wirelessly processed signals to a host computer. We demonstrate the method and the instrument by presenting a cohort clinical study where we followed EMG during voluntary dorsiflexion in five stroke patients before and after the intensive walking exercise augmented with multichannel electrical stimulation (Functional Electrical Therapy). The reference data were the recordings from five healthy subjects. We introduced a new measure Rm as the ratio between the median (line which divides the area under the EMG envelope in time domain in two equal regions) in patients and healthy subjects. We show that the recovery of function (dorsiflexion) and Rm were well correlated in this study.
Carraro, U; Kern, H
Home-based FES in SCI: Recovery of tetanic contractility drives the structural improvements of denervated muscles Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 065, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_065,
title = {Home-based FES in SCI: Recovery of tetanic contractility drives the structural improvements of denervated muscles},
author = {U Carraro and H Kern},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {065},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {Spinal-cord injury causes muscle atrophy, which is particularly severe when lower motor neurons are involved. We performed a longitudinal study in 25 patients suffering from complete lesion of Conus Cauda from 0.7 to 8.7 years comparing functional and structural thigh muscle properties before and after 2 years of home-based training by Functional Electrical Stimulation (h-b FES). Muscles were electrically stimulated by means of large surface electrodes and a custom-designed stimulator. The poor excitability of the lower motor neuron denervated muscles was improved first by twitch-contraction training and then by tetanic contractions elicited against progressively increased loading. Improvement of thigh muscle properties was estimated by transverse computer tomography scan and force measurements. In addition, needle biopsies of vastus lateralis were harvested before and after the two-years of h-b FES. Twenty out of 25 patients completed the two year h-b FES program, which resulted in: 1. significant increase of muscle size (the cross sectional area of the quadriceps increased from 28.2textpm8.1 to 38.1textpm12.7 cm2, p<0.001, +35%, and the mean diameter of muscle fibers from 16.6textpm14.3 to 29.1textpm23.3 um, p<0.001, +75%), accompanied by improvements of the ultra-structural organization of contractile material; and 2. a significant increase in force output during electrical stimulation (from 0.8textpm1.3 to 10.3textpm8.1 Nm, p<0.001, + 1187%). Important benefits for the patients are the improved cosmetic appearance of lower extremities and the enhanced cushioning effect for seating. The EU Project Rise shows that "home-based FES" is a safe and effective therapy that may maintain life-long physical exercise by active muscle contraction (FES is the only option for denervated muscle) to be used as a procedure to recover tetanic contractility of denervated muscle, and to counteract muscle atrophy in order to prevent long-term complications of SCI.},
keywords = {Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Spinal-cord injury causes muscle atrophy, which is particularly severe when lower motor neurons are involved. We performed a longitudinal study in 25 patients suffering from complete lesion of Conus Cauda from 0.7 to 8.7 years comparing functional and structural thigh muscle properties before and after 2 years of home-based training by Functional Electrical Stimulation (h-b FES). Muscles were electrically stimulated by means of large surface electrodes and a custom-designed stimulator. The poor excitability of the lower motor neuron denervated muscles was improved first by twitch-contraction training and then by tetanic contractions elicited against progressively increased loading. Improvement of thigh muscle properties was estimated by transverse computer tomography scan and force measurements. In addition, needle biopsies of vastus lateralis were harvested before and after the two-years of h-b FES. Twenty out of 25 patients completed the two year h-b FES program, which resulted in: 1. significant increase of muscle size (the cross sectional area of the quadriceps increased from 28.2textpm8.1 to 38.1textpm12.7 cm2, p<0.001, +35%, and the mean diameter of muscle fibers from 16.6textpm14.3 to 29.1textpm23.3 um, p<0.001, +75%), accompanied by improvements of the ultra-structural organization of contractile material; and 2. a significant increase in force output during electrical stimulation (from 0.8textpm1.3 to 10.3textpm8.1 Nm, p<0.001, + 1187%). Important benefits for the patients are the improved cosmetic appearance of lower extremities and the enhanced cushioning effect for seating. The EU Project Rise shows that "home-based FES" is a safe and effective therapy that may maintain life-long physical exercise by active muscle contraction (FES is the only option for denervated muscle) to be used as a procedure to recover tetanic contractility of denervated muscle, and to counteract muscle atrophy in order to prevent long-term complications of SCI.
Nekoular, V; Erfanian, A
Optimal walking trajectories estimation using wavelet neural network for FES-assisted arm-supported paraplegic walking Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 068, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_068,
title = {Optimal walking trajectories estimation using wavelet neural network for FES-assisted arm-supported paraplegic walking},
author = {V Nekoular and A Erfanian},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {068},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {One major limitation of arm-supported walking using functional electrical stimulation in paraplegic subjects is the high energy expenditure and the high upper body effort. One major factor that affects the energy expenditure and the high upper body effort during arm-supported FES-assisted walking is the gait pattern. To obtain a gait pattern that lead to minimum handle reaction force (HRF), a method is proposed to find the optimal gait patterns that lead to minimum HRF. For this purpose, a neural network model of the human walking is presented to relate the joint angles to the HRF. Using the neural model, an optimal walking trajectory is determined to minimize the HRF. The experiments were conducted on two paraplegic subjects. The results show that the HRF obtained for optimal gait pattern is less than the measured HRF.},
keywords = {Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
One major limitation of arm-supported walking using functional electrical stimulation in paraplegic subjects is the high energy expenditure and the high upper body effort. One major factor that affects the energy expenditure and the high upper body effort during arm-supported FES-assisted walking is the gait pattern. To obtain a gait pattern that lead to minimum handle reaction force (HRF), a method is proposed to find the optimal gait patterns that lead to minimum HRF. For this purpose, a neural network model of the human walking is presented to relate the joint angles to the HRF. Using the neural model, an optimal walking trajectory is determined to minimize the HRF. The experiments were conducted on two paraplegic subjects. The results show that the HRF obtained for optimal gait pattern is less than the measured HRF.
Szecsi, J; Goetz, S; Straube, A
Perspectives of Peripheral Functional Magnetic Stimulation in the Rehabilitation of Central Pareses Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 057, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_057,
title = {Perspectives of Peripheral Functional Magnetic Stimulation in the Rehabilitation of Central Pareses},
author = {J Szecsi and S Goetz and A Straube},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {057},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {Using functional magnetic stimulation (FMS) of the musculature, which is largely supposed to be 'painless', for rehabilitation of patients with partially preserved sensation to support mechanically constrained movements is in principle possible and potentially superior to surface electrical stimulation (FES). The goal of the project was to develop a procedure and technical means consisting of 1. the mechanical constraint and 2. the peripheral magnetic stimulation supporting the movement. The potential of the magnetic stimulation, originally provided for diagnostic transcranial application, had to be further developed to be used in neurological rehabilitation of central pareses. We report the clinical and technical results. The optimization steps that we undertook or which are under examination comprise the optimization of the stimulation waveform, the adaptation of the stimulation coil to the requirements of muscle stimulation by increasing the stimulation surface and fitting the geometry of the coil to the shape of the thigh, as well as the adoption of active cooling to assure the required operating time at an effective power level. In particular, applying large surface coils in patients with incomplete paralysis of the musculature ensures a 2.5-fold increase of the isometric force evoked, compared to FES, an essential requirement for implementation of effective rehabilitative strategies.},
keywords = {Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Using functional magnetic stimulation (FMS) of the musculature, which is largely supposed to be 'painless', for rehabilitation of patients with partially preserved sensation to support mechanically constrained movements is in principle possible and potentially superior to surface electrical stimulation (FES). The goal of the project was to develop a procedure and technical means consisting of 1. the mechanical constraint and 2. the peripheral magnetic stimulation supporting the movement. The potential of the magnetic stimulation, originally provided for diagnostic transcranial application, had to be further developed to be used in neurological rehabilitation of central pareses. We report the clinical and technical results. The optimization steps that we undertook or which are under examination comprise the optimization of the stimulation waveform, the adaptation of the stimulation coil to the requirements of muscle stimulation by increasing the stimulation surface and fitting the geometry of the coil to the shape of the thigh, as well as the adoption of active cooling to assure the required operating time at an effective power level. In particular, applying large surface coils in patients with incomplete paralysis of the musculature ensures a 2.5-fold increase of the isometric force evoked, compared to FES, an essential requirement for implementation of effective rehabilitative strategies.
Milovanovic, I; Djuric-Jovicic, M
Polymyography during hemiplegic walking: Implications for control of FES Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 055, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_055,
title = {Polymyography during hemiplegic walking: Implications for control of FES},
author = {I Milovanovic and M Djuric-Jovicic},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {055},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {Clinical practice suggests that intensive walking exercise augmented with functional electrical stimulation (FES) leads to faster and better recovery of walking in hemiplegics. The issue still not resolved is, how to control an FES system to match the needs and capabilities of a stroke patient. We suggest the control based on temporal and spatial synergies which are created by using a block-box model. The input to the black box is the sensors model of gait events, and the output is the set of profiles of muscle activities from the nonparetic leg, acquired from the same patient. In technical terms, we propose the use of an artificial neural network (ANN) for generation of stimulation profiles for FES, and later implementation of sensors driven finite state control for assisting of the walking. This proposal follows our polymyographic studies of walking performance when assisted with a cane and the Walkaround, a device that provides postural control and prevents from falls. The polymyographic analysis revealed substantial differences between the muscle synergies of not only the paretic, but also the nonparetic leg compared to healthy subjects, and strong dependence on assistance used to provide balance while walking. We present here a method how to capture data required for the training of the ANN.},
keywords = {Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Clinical practice suggests that intensive walking exercise augmented with functional electrical stimulation (FES) leads to faster and better recovery of walking in hemiplegics. The issue still not resolved is, how to control an FES system to match the needs and capabilities of a stroke patient. We suggest the control based on temporal and spatial synergies which are created by using a block-box model. The input to the black box is the sensors model of gait events, and the output is the set of profiles of muscle activities from the nonparetic leg, acquired from the same patient. In technical terms, we propose the use of an artificial neural network (ANN) for generation of stimulation profiles for FES, and later implementation of sensors driven finite state control for assisting of the walking. This proposal follows our polymyographic studies of walking performance when assisted with a cane and the Walkaround, a device that provides postural control and prevents from falls. The polymyographic analysis revealed substantial differences between the muscle synergies of not only the paretic, but also the nonparetic leg compared to healthy subjects, and strong dependence on assistance used to provide balance while walking. We present here a method how to capture data required for the training of the ANN.
Fornusek, C; Davis, G M
Repeated Bout Effect During Eccentric FES cycling: Pilot Data Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 070, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_070,
title = {Repeated Bout Effect During Eccentric FES cycling: Pilot Data},
author = {C Fornusek and G M Davis},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {070},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {Purpose: To investigate the potential of electrical stimulation-induced eccentric muscle contractions to enhance the benefits of functional electrical stimulation leg cycle ergometry (FES-LCE) in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). Initial tests demonstrated that acute bouts of eccentric FES cycling exercise are safe and provide intense exercise to the muscles. Normally-innervated muscle adapts rapidly to repeated bouts of electrical stimulation- induced eccentric exercise. Therefore, in theory paralyzed muscle should adapt to eccentric exercise and allow higher loading to be developed on the muscles and bones of paralyzed lower limbs. Methods: Three experienced FES cyclists with SCI (ASIA A) undertook two sessions of 30-min eccentric FES-LCE (25 revtextbulletmin-1) separated by 2 weeks. Standard concentric FES-LCE performance was measured 48hr pre and post each eccentric FES-LCE session. Results: Concentric FES-LCE performance decreased 48hr post eccentric FES-LCE, but less so after the 2nd eccentric cycling session. Additionally, less stimulation was required during the 2nd eccentric cycling session to maintain the desired power absorbance during cycling. Conclusion: Trained paralyzed SCI muscle appears to tolerate and adapt well to eccentric FES-LCE. Continued exposure to eccentric FES-LCE may allow the development of greater muscles forces during FES-LCE.},
keywords = {Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Purpose: To investigate the potential of electrical stimulation-induced eccentric muscle contractions to enhance the benefits of functional electrical stimulation leg cycle ergometry (FES-LCE) in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). Initial tests demonstrated that acute bouts of eccentric FES cycling exercise are safe and provide intense exercise to the muscles. Normally-innervated muscle adapts rapidly to repeated bouts of electrical stimulation- induced eccentric exercise. Therefore, in theory paralyzed muscle should adapt to eccentric exercise and allow higher loading to be developed on the muscles and bones of paralyzed lower limbs. Methods: Three experienced FES cyclists with SCI (ASIA A) undertook two sessions of 30-min eccentric FES-LCE (25 revtextbulletmin-1) separated by 2 weeks. Standard concentric FES-LCE performance was measured 48hr pre and post each eccentric FES-LCE session. Results: Concentric FES-LCE performance decreased 48hr post eccentric FES-LCE, but less so after the 2nd eccentric cycling session. Additionally, less stimulation was required during the 2nd eccentric cycling session to maintain the desired power absorbance during cycling. Conclusion: Trained paralyzed SCI muscle appears to tolerate and adapt well to eccentric FES-LCE. Continued exposure to eccentric FES-LCE may allow the development of greater muscles forces during FES-LCE.
Holinski, B J; Mazurek, K; Everaert, D G; Mushahwar, V K; Stein, R B
Restoring Stepping After Spinal Cord Injury Using Novel Electrical Stimulation and Feedback Control Strategies Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 066, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_066,
title = {Restoring Stepping After Spinal Cord Injury Using Novel Electrical Stimulation and Feedback Control Strategies},
author = {B J Holinski and K Mazurek and D G Everaert and V K Mushahwar and R B Stein},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {066},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {The overall objective of this project is to develop a feedback-driven intraspinal microstimulation (ISMS) system. We hypothesize that sensory feedback will enhance the functionality of stepping by reducing muscle fatigue and adapting to external perturbations. In the current study, the controller was tested with intramuscular stimulation and external sensors (force plates, gyroscopes, and accelerometers). The walking cycle was divided into 4 states that transitioned with external sensory feedback within a preset range of times. Terminations in the swing phase were best served by accelerometer feedback, while gyroscopes were used to terminate the stance phase. Anesthetized cats were partially supported in a sling and bi-laterally stepped overground on a 4-m instrumented walkway. The walkway had variable friction to perturb the controller. In five cats across 7 experimental sessions, the controller (without feedback) produced an average step length of 24.9 textpm 8.4 (normalized to foot segment length). Steps were shortened (preventing backward slipping) with the addition of sensory feedback to an average length of 21.8 textpm 7.5. Mean peak ground reaction force on each limb also increased from 15.9 textpm 7 % to 18.0 textpm 4.5 % of body weight with the feedback enabled. The step period was programmed for 1.5 sec. The addition of feedback adapted the average step duration to 1.27 textpm 0.25 sec in response to the varying conditions of the walkway. Eventually, this research can be translated into a compact and fully implantable walking prosthesis.},
keywords = {Lower Extremities, Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The overall objective of this project is to develop a feedback-driven intraspinal microstimulation (ISMS) system. We hypothesize that sensory feedback will enhance the functionality of stepping by reducing muscle fatigue and adapting to external perturbations. In the current study, the controller was tested with intramuscular stimulation and external sensors (force plates, gyroscopes, and accelerometers). The walking cycle was divided into 4 states that transitioned with external sensory feedback within a preset range of times. Terminations in the swing phase were best served by accelerometer feedback, while gyroscopes were used to terminate the stance phase. Anesthetized cats were partially supported in a sling and bi-laterally stepped overground on a 4-m instrumented walkway. The walkway had variable friction to perturb the controller. In five cats across 7 experimental sessions, the controller (without feedback) produced an average step length of 24.9 textpm 8.4 (normalized to foot segment length). Steps were shortened (preventing backward slipping) with the addition of sensory feedback to an average length of 21.8 textpm 7.5. Mean peak ground reaction force on each limb also increased from 15.9 textpm 7 % to 18.0 textpm 4.5 % of body weight with the feedback enabled. The step period was programmed for 1.5 sec. The addition of feedback adapted the average step duration to 1.27 textpm 0.25 sec in response to the varying conditions of the walkway. Eventually, this research can be translated into a compact and fully implantable walking prosthesis.
Minogue, C; Caulfield, B M; Crowe, L; Lowery, M
The time dependence of oxygen uptake and evoked torque during prolonged isometric sub-tetanic NMES Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 058, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_058,
title = {The time dependence of oxygen uptake and evoked torque during prolonged isometric sub-tetanic NMES},
author = {C Minogue and B M Caulfield and L Crowe and M Lowery},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {058},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {The purpose of this study was to examine the time course of whole body oxygen uptake and evoked knee torque during a 30-minute session of sub-tetanic isometric neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) of the quadriceps muscles. Five subjects were tested while positioned in a dynamometer which was set up for continuous recording of extensor torque at 60textdegree knee flexion, with simultaneous measurement of respiratory gas volumes using a breath-by-breath analysis system. NMES was applied bilaterally with one pair of large hydrogel electrodes per leg, using a stimulation frequency of 4Hz, phase duration 600uS and a mean current amplitude of 92mA. The oxygen uptake increased over the first 6 minutes to a mean value which was 3.5 (1.0) times the resting level, thereafter stabilizing and gradually reducing at a mean rate of -0.045 (0.051) ml sec-1. This was mirrored by a gradual reduction in output torque over the same period.},
keywords = {Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The purpose of this study was to examine the time course of whole body oxygen uptake and evoked knee torque during a 30-minute session of sub-tetanic isometric neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) of the quadriceps muscles. Five subjects were tested while positioned in a dynamometer which was set up for continuous recording of extensor torque at 60textdegree knee flexion, with simultaneous measurement of respiratory gas volumes using a breath-by-breath analysis system. NMES was applied bilaterally with one pair of large hydrogel electrodes per leg, using a stimulation frequency of 4Hz, phase duration 600uS and a mean current amplitude of 92mA. The oxygen uptake increased over the first 6 minutes to a mean value which was 3.5 (1.0) times the resting level, thereafter stabilizing and gradually reducing at a mean rate of -0.045 (0.051) ml sec-1. This was mirrored by a gradual reduction in output torque over the same period.
Rozman, J; Peclin, P; Krajnik, J
Twenty-five year stimulation of the common peroneal nerve Inproceedings
In: Mandl, T; Martinek, J; Bijak, M; Lanmueller, H; Mayr, W; Pichler, M (Ed.): pp. 053, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria, 2010, ISBN: 978-3-900928-09-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Lower Extremity, SCI
@inproceedings{IFESS2010_053,
title = {Twenty-five year stimulation of the common peroneal nerve},
author = {J Rozman and P Peclin and J Krajnik},
editor = {T Mandl and J Martinek and M Bijak and H Lanmueller and W Mayr and M Pichler},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2010/IFESS2010.pdf},
isbn = {978-3-900928-09-4},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-09-01},
pages = {053},
publisher = {Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Medical School, AKH 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria},
address = {Imperial Riding School, Vienna, Austria},
abstract = {The objective of the report is to summarize the findings after twenty-five year selective electrical stimulation of the common peroneal nerve (CPN) for correction of drop-foot in a 52-year-old left-sided hemiplegic patient. Restoration of a dorsal flexion and eversion of the foot was achieved with selective functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) of the particular superficial region of the CPN innervating mostly the tibialis anterior (TA) and partly peroneus longus (PL) and peroneus brevis (PB) muscles. In the last ten years of the twenty-five year period the implant provided very good functional results until the lead wires of the cuff electrode broke out so the implant had to be replaced. In comparison of results with those obtained with the implant implanted ten years before, significant thickening of the CPN at the site of FNS was observed. Within the entire FNS period, conduction velocity of the CPN was slightly reduced. Electrophysiological and biomechanical findings however, have not revealed an explicit functional sign which could be attributed to the damage of the CPN.},
keywords = {Lower Extremity, SCI},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The objective of the report is to summarize the findings after twenty-five year selective electrical stimulation of the common peroneal nerve (CPN) for correction of drop-foot in a 52-year-old left-sided hemiplegic patient. Restoration of a dorsal flexion and eversion of the foot was achieved with selective functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) of the particular superficial region of the CPN innervating mostly the tibialis anterior (TA) and partly peroneus longus (PL) and peroneus brevis (PB) muscles. In the last ten years of the twenty-five year period the implant provided very good functional results until the lead wires of the cuff electrode broke out so the implant had to be replaced. In comparison of results with those obtained with the implant implanted ten years before, significant thickening of the CPN at the site of FNS was observed. Within the entire FNS period, conduction velocity of the CPN was slightly reduced. Electrophysiological and biomechanical findings however, have not revealed an explicit functional sign which could be attributed to the damage of the CPN.