2005
Tong, K Y; Ng, F W; Li, S W; So, F M
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 082, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_082,
title = {Ambulation training for patients with acute stroke by Gait Trainer cyclic walking exercise and Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES): a pilot study},
author = {K Y Tong and F W Ng and S W Li and F M So},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_082_Tong.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {082},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {Gait trainer has been studied in stroke rehabilitation but the subject was limited in subjects with chronic stroke. This study evaluates the therapeutic effects of regular training (RT), gait trainer (GT) and cooperatively applying the functional electrical stimulation and gait trainer (GT-FES) for acute stroke survivors with hemiparesis. Twenty-six nonambulatory hemiparetic subjects, two to four weeks after stroke, were randomly assigned into one of the three gait intervention groups. Eleven subjects were trained with RT, eight subjects were trained to walk on GT that substituted for usual physiotherapy gait training, and seven subjects in GT-FES group received extra electrical stimulation applied on lower limb during gait trainer training. Mobility, ambulation ability, gait speed and lower extremity strength were assessed before and after the training. After a 4-week training, using intention-to-treat analysis, all the outcome measures showed significant improvement in all the 3 groups. For between-group comparison of the different scores between the 0 week and the 4 weeks, the GT and GT-FES groups scored significantly higher than the RT group for Functional Ambulation Category. Patients after stroke trained by the gait trainer with or without FES resulted in higher ambulation independency than conventional gait training.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Gait trainer has been studied in stroke rehabilitation but the subject was limited in subjects with chronic stroke. This study evaluates the therapeutic effects of regular training (RT), gait trainer (GT) and cooperatively applying the functional electrical stimulation and gait trainer (GT-FES) for acute stroke survivors with hemiparesis. Twenty-six nonambulatory hemiparetic subjects, two to four weeks after stroke, were randomly assigned into one of the three gait intervention groups. Eleven subjects were trained with RT, eight subjects were trained to walk on GT that substituted for usual physiotherapy gait training, and seven subjects in GT-FES group received extra electrical stimulation applied on lower limb during gait trainer training. Mobility, ambulation ability, gait speed and lower extremity strength were assessed before and after the training. After a 4-week training, using intention-to-treat analysis, all the outcome measures showed significant improvement in all the 3 groups. For between-group comparison of the different scores between the 0 week and the 4 weeks, the GT and GT-FES groups scored significantly higher than the RT group for Functional Ambulation Category. Patients after stroke trained by the gait trainer with or without FES resulted in higher ambulation independency than conventional gait training.
Robertson, J; Whittaker, M
Clinical perspectives in fitting the WalkAide2 foot-drop stimulator Inproceedings
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 080, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_080,
title = {Clinical perspectives in fitting the WalkAide2 foot-drop stimulator},
author = {J Robertson and M Whittaker},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_080_Robertson.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {080},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {As part of a multi-centre trial to investigate the effects of a common peroneal nerve foot drop stimulator, 24 subjects with stroke, incomplete spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury were assessed for suitability for the WalkAide2. Of the 24 subjects who participated in the study, 6 are reported on who, in the opinion of the investigators, derived significant benefit from use of the device. Data is presented on clinical presentation, initial assessment findings, gait speed and usage patterns. Additionally, clinical observations and rationale around the fitting of a Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) program for foot-drop may help clinical investigators and researchers in future design and prescription of FES devices for neurological conditions.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
As part of a multi-centre trial to investigate the effects of a common peroneal nerve foot drop stimulator, 24 subjects with stroke, incomplete spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury were assessed for suitability for the WalkAide2. Of the 24 subjects who participated in the study, 6 are reported on who, in the opinion of the investigators, derived significant benefit from use of the device. Data is presented on clinical presentation, initial assessment findings, gait speed and usage patterns. Additionally, clinical observations and rationale around the fitting of a Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) program for foot-drop may help clinical investigators and researchers in future design and prescription of FES devices for neurological conditions.
Sato, M; Shimada, Y; Iwami, T; Miyawaki, K; Matsunaga, T; Chida, S; Hatakeyama, K
Development of prototype FES-rowing Power Rehabilitation equipment Inproceedings
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 090, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_090,
title = {Development of prototype FES-rowing Power Rehabilitation equipment},
author = {M Sato and Y Shimada and T Iwami and K Miyawaki and T Matsunaga and S Chida and K Hatakeyama},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_090_Sato.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {090},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {Most types of resistance training equipment for exercise are designed for healthy people with higher fitness levels, but the equipment used in Power Rehabilitation is designed exclusively for rehabilitating the elderly, and even disabled individuals. The purpose of this study was to develop power rehabilitation equipment for wheel-chair users or elderly people with limited mobility. We devised the prototypical FES-rowing machine device incorporating a controller of lower limbs and a trunk stabilizer. We used an able-bodied individual to test the new equipment. A measurement system included the experimental rowing machine with six force-sensing resistors, a 2-channel electrical muscle stimulator using surface electrodes, and a three-dimensional motion analyser. The electrical stimulator activated the quadriceps femoris muscles in drive phases of the rowing cycle. A four -link model was used to calculate the joint moment. The knee extension moment from the end of the pull phase to the flexed ready position was approximately 2 times that at the stroke start. Comparing general rowing and FES-rowing, no significant difference was observed in joint moment and range of movement. Our results suggest that safe, effective training is possible for seniors and paraplegics if postural stability is improved during FES-rowing.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Most types of resistance training equipment for exercise are designed for healthy people with higher fitness levels, but the equipment used in Power Rehabilitation is designed exclusively for rehabilitating the elderly, and even disabled individuals. The purpose of this study was to develop power rehabilitation equipment for wheel-chair users or elderly people with limited mobility. We devised the prototypical FES-rowing machine device incorporating a controller of lower limbs and a trunk stabilizer. We used an able-bodied individual to test the new equipment. A measurement system included the experimental rowing machine with six force-sensing resistors, a 2-channel electrical muscle stimulator using surface electrodes, and a three-dimensional motion analyser. The electrical stimulator activated the quadriceps femoris muscles in drive phases of the rowing cycle. A four -link model was used to calculate the joint moment. The knee extension moment from the end of the pull phase to the flexed ready position was approximately 2 times that at the stroke start. Comparing general rowing and FES-rowing, no significant difference was observed in joint moment and range of movement. Our results suggest that safe, effective training is possible for seniors and paraplegics if postural stability is improved during FES-rowing.
Desroches, G; Aissaoui, R; Bourbonnais, D; Perron, C Y
The effect of force direction at the pushrim on joint moments in the upper extremities during manual wheelchair propulsion Inproceedings
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 093, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_093,
title = {The effect of force direction at the pushrim on joint moments in the upper extremities during manual wheelchair propulsion},
author = {G Desroches and R Aissaoui and D Bourbonnais and C Y Perron},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_093_Desroches.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {093},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the resulting force direction and the load sustained by the shoulder during manual wheelchair propulsion. Fourteen elderly subjects (66-77 years) have been tested and the joint moments were computed using 3D generic inverse dynamic software. The direction of the pushrim force determined the maximal distance between its projection and the shoulder location (Dmax). The greater the distance, the more tangential is the force and therefore physiologically costly. A correlation analysis showed a significant positive relation of Dmax with the shoulder flexion moment (r = 0.54, p < 0.001) and also with the shoulder adduction moment (r = 0.35, p<0.001). The analyses also showed a significant but negative correlation between Dmax and the shoulder abduction moment (r = -0.30, p<0.001). Our results suggest that shoulder joint moments tend to be higher when the resulting pushrim force is oriented according to the tangential direction. Consequently, the physiological cost would be higher for those users.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the resulting force direction and the load sustained by the shoulder during manual wheelchair propulsion. Fourteen elderly subjects (66-77 years) have been tested and the joint moments were computed using 3D generic inverse dynamic software. The direction of the pushrim force determined the maximal distance between its projection and the shoulder location (Dmax). The greater the distance, the more tangential is the force and therefore physiologically costly. A correlation analysis showed a significant positive relation of Dmax with the shoulder flexion moment (r = 0.54, p < 0.001) and also with the shoulder adduction moment (r = 0.35, p<0.001). The analyses also showed a significant but negative correlation between Dmax and the shoulder abduction moment (r = -0.30, p<0.001). Our results suggest that shoulder joint moments tend to be higher when the resulting pushrim force is oriented according to the tangential direction. Consequently, the physiological cost would be higher for those users.
Mitsuhashi, K
Effects of different forearm positions on the motor evoked potentials in the arm and hand muscles Inproceedings
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 092, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_092,
title = {Effects of different forearm positions on the motor evoked potentials in the arm and hand muscles},
author = {K Mitsuhashi},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_092_Mitsuhashi.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {092},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, abductor pollicis brevis (AbPB), and abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscles induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) were investigated in eight healthy subjects. MEP amplitudes were evaluated sequentially in three forearm positions from supination, neutral position and pronation. MEPs in the biceps brachii and triceps brachii showed a parallel increase in amplitude in any forearm positions. In ADM, MEP amplitudes were specifically increased as changing the forearm positions sequentially. In AbPB, MEPs were also increased sequentially though none of significant difference was found. An increase in MEP amplitude obtained from the biceps brachii might be explained by an increase in muscle length according to the sequential changes of the forearm positions. However MEP amplitudes in the other muscles were also changed though muscle length did not change in any forearm positions. This result indicates that MEPs might be influenced not only by monosynaptic stretch reflex but also by afferent inputs to the spinal cord and motor cortex from sensory receptors in the forearm.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, abductor pollicis brevis (AbPB), and abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscles induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) were investigated in eight healthy subjects. MEP amplitudes were evaluated sequentially in three forearm positions from supination, neutral position and pronation. MEPs in the biceps brachii and triceps brachii showed a parallel increase in amplitude in any forearm positions. In ADM, MEP amplitudes were specifically increased as changing the forearm positions sequentially. In AbPB, MEPs were also increased sequentially though none of significant difference was found. An increase in MEP amplitude obtained from the biceps brachii might be explained by an increase in muscle length according to the sequential changes of the forearm positions. However MEP amplitudes in the other muscles were also changed though muscle length did not change in any forearm positions. This result indicates that MEPs might be influenced not only by monosynaptic stretch reflex but also by afferent inputs to the spinal cord and motor cortex from sensory receptors in the forearm.
Ferrante, S; Pedrocchi, A; Ferrigno, G
Electromyographic analysis of standing up and sitting down Inproceedings
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 077, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_077,
title = {Electromyographic analysis of standing up and sitting down},
author = {S Ferrante and A Pedrocchi and G Ferrigno},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_077_Ferrante.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {077},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the repeatability of the muscular activation strategy used by healthy subjects during standing up and sitting down tasks. Starting point of these experiments is the hypothesis, claiming that the common solution adopted by healthy subjects in a motor task is the result of an optimization process which includes all the anthropometrical, structural and energetic criteria. Consequently, the healthy subjects muscular activation sequence, if repeatable, could be reproduced as a stimulation strategy for paraplegic patients. Results show a very high repeatability of the start and end points of the activation of all the muscles. Interestingly, the availability of contribution of the upper part of the body affects the level of activation but not the timing of activation of all the muscles.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the repeatability of the muscular activation strategy used by healthy subjects during standing up and sitting down tasks. Starting point of these experiments is the hypothesis, claiming that the common solution adopted by healthy subjects in a motor task is the result of an optimization process which includes all the anthropometrical, structural and energetic criteria. Consequently, the healthy subjects muscular activation sequence, if repeatable, could be reproduced as a stimulation strategy for paraplegic patients. Results show a very high repeatability of the start and end points of the activation of all the muscles. Interestingly, the availability of contribution of the upper part of the body affects the level of activation but not the timing of activation of all the muscles.
Pinault, G; Kobetic, R; Triolo, R; Murray, L; Corado-Ahmed, M; Hardin, E; Sakai, J; Nogan, S; Marsolais, E B; Ho, C
Facilitating ambulation after incomplete spinal cord injury with implanted FES system: A case report Inproceedings
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 081, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_081,
title = {Facilitating ambulation after incomplete spinal cord injury with implanted FES system: A case report},
author = {G Pinault and R Kobetic and R Triolo and L Murray and M Corado-Ahmed and E Hardin and J Sakai and S Nogan and E B Marsolais and C Ho},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_081_Pinault.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {081},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {An 8-channel receiver stimulator (8-IRS) was implanted in an individual with C7 motor and C6 sensory incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) (ASIA C) who could stand up on his own but could not initiate a step to walk. He was implanted bilaterally with intramuscular electrodes to recruit iliopsoas for hip flexion, vastus intermedius and lateralis for knee extension, tensor fasciae latae for hip flexion and abduction, and tibialis anterior and peroneus longus for balanced ankle dorsiflexion. An external control unit was programmed to provide power and stimulus timing information to the implant via a radio frequency coupling. After twelve rehabilitation sessions he was able to walk using a walker for support up to 140 ft at a time and up to 270 ft per session for a total of 53 minutes.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
An 8-channel receiver stimulator (8-IRS) was implanted in an individual with C7 motor and C6 sensory incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) (ASIA C) who could stand up on his own but could not initiate a step to walk. He was implanted bilaterally with intramuscular electrodes to recruit iliopsoas for hip flexion, vastus intermedius and lateralis for knee extension, tensor fasciae latae for hip flexion and abduction, and tibialis anterior and peroneus longus for balanced ankle dorsiflexion. An external control unit was programmed to provide power and stimulus timing information to the implant via a radio frequency coupling. After twelve rehabilitation sessions he was able to walk using a walker for support up to 140 ft at a time and up to 270 ft per session for a total of 53 minutes.
Williams, M; Kirsch, R
Feasibility of Electroculography as a Command Interface for a High Tetraplegia Neural Prosthesis Inproceedings
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 091, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_091,
title = {Feasibility of Electroculography as a Command Interface for a High Tetraplegia Neural Prosthesis},
author = {M Williams and R Kirsch},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_091_Williams.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {091},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {Following high cervical spinal cord injury, few voluntary actions remain for the control of a neuroprosthesis for restoration of arm function. One of the remaining actions following such an injury is eye gaze direction. This study explores the use of eye gaze direction, measured using the electroculargram (EOG), as a command source for controlling the position of the arm in a typical workspace. Using the EOG with a robot arm as a proxy to a stimulated paralyzed arm, the feasibility of such a command source is demonstrated.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Following high cervical spinal cord injury, few voluntary actions remain for the control of a neuroprosthesis for restoration of arm function. One of the remaining actions following such an injury is eye gaze direction. This study explores the use of eye gaze direction, measured using the electroculargram (EOG), as a command source for controlling the position of the arm in a typical workspace. Using the EOG with a robot arm as a proxy to a stimulated paralyzed arm, the feasibility of such a command source is demonstrated.
Smith, B T; Johnston, T E; Betz, R R; Mulcahey, M J
Implanted FES for Upright Mobility in Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury: Collective Experience With Two Multi-Channel Systems Inproceedings
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 083, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_083,
title = {Implanted FES for Upright Mobility in Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury: Collective Experience With Two Multi-Channel Systems},
author = {B T Smith and T E Johnston and R R Betz and M J Mulcahey},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_083_Smith.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {083},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {Ten subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI) underwent implantation of an 8-channel functional electrical stimulation (FES) system and three subjects with SCI underwent implantation of an 18-channel FES system. After training in the use of FES for upright mobility, subjects were tested in their ability to complete various upright mobility activities. The purpose of this paper is to share our experiences regarding muscle selection, stimulation patterns, muscle strengthening, mobility training, comparison to long leg braces, and accommodating growth.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Ten subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI) underwent implantation of an 8-channel functional electrical stimulation (FES) system and three subjects with SCI underwent implantation of an 18-channel FES system. After training in the use of FES for upright mobility, subjects were tested in their ability to complete various upright mobility activities. The purpose of this paper is to share our experiences regarding muscle selection, stimulation patterns, muscle strengthening, mobility training, comparison to long leg braces, and accommodating growth.
Keller, T; Lawrence, M; Wydenkeller, S; Wieser, M
Influence of limb configurations and stimulation parameters on knee and ankle joint torque generation Inproceedings
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 079, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_079,
title = {Influence of limb configurations and stimulation parameters on knee and ankle joint torque generation},
author = {T Keller and M Lawrence and S Wydenkeller and M Wieser},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_079_Keller.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {079},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {An important question in lower extremity functional electrical stimulation (FES) applications is how much does the muscular-skeletal system modulate the joint torque generation and how much has to be performed by the neuronal system to generate a normal walking pattern. In the presented study we quantified the influence of five limb configurations occurring at 7%, 45%, 65%, 75%, and 98% of the stride on the ankle and knee joint torque generation. Transcutaneous electrical stimulation was used to generate the same level of neuronal activation in the ankle and knee joint actuators for each configuration and isometric ankle and knee joint torques were measured. The results from nine healthy subjects showed that the limb configuration had a strong influence on the generated joint torques. Inter subject variations were surprisingly low. The hamstrings and gastrocnemius muscles produced high joint torques for a given electrical stimulation intensity at stride positions where the EMG activity is high during the gait cycle. This suggests that the neuronal effort is supported by the muscular-skeletal system for these muscles. For limb configurations that represent early stance phase the quadriceps and tibialis anterior muscles did not produce high joint torques as could be estimated from EMG activity.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
An important question in lower extremity functional electrical stimulation (FES) applications is how much does the muscular-skeletal system modulate the joint torque generation and how much has to be performed by the neuronal system to generate a normal walking pattern. In the presented study we quantified the influence of five limb configurations occurring at 7%, 45%, 65%, 75%, and 98% of the stride on the ankle and knee joint torque generation. Transcutaneous electrical stimulation was used to generate the same level of neuronal activation in the ankle and knee joint actuators for each configuration and isometric ankle and knee joint torques were measured. The results from nine healthy subjects showed that the limb configuration had a strong influence on the generated joint torques. Inter subject variations were surprisingly low. The hamstrings and gastrocnemius muscles produced high joint torques for a given electrical stimulation intensity at stride positions where the EMG activity is high during the gait cycle. This suggests that the neuronal effort is supported by the muscular-skeletal system for these muscles. For limb configurations that represent early stance phase the quadriceps and tibialis anterior muscles did not produce high joint torques as could be estimated from EMG activity.
Mann, G E; Jolley, C L; Taylor, P N; Strike, P W
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 084, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_084,
title = {An Investigation into the effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation on gait and quality of life in patients with Multiple Sclerosis},
author = {G E Mann and C L Jolley and P N Taylor and P W Strike},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_084_Mann.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {084},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {54 subjects with secondary progressive Multiple Sclerosis (MS) were randomly assigned to an FES group to correct dropped foot or a group which received exercise to improve gait .The study period was 18 weeks The primary outcome measure was 10 metre walking speed with secondary measures of walking speed, distance and effort over 3 minutes, quality of life measures and number of falls. The FES group showed an orthotic benefit on 10 metre walking speed but no lasting training effect. The exercise group showed a training effect over the whole study period. A similar pattern of improvement was shown in both groups in distance walked in 3 minutes but with a greater degree of benefit. There was a significant reduction in number of falls in both groups over the study period with a significantly greater reduction in the FES group. This study has shown that FES provides an effective orthosis in people with MS and has a significant role in preventing falls. Exercise has also been shown to be beneficial in providing a training effect Further work should investigate the combination of FES combined with exercise to achieve an optimum and longer lasting effect of therapy.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
54 subjects with secondary progressive Multiple Sclerosis (MS) were randomly assigned to an FES group to correct dropped foot or a group which received exercise to improve gait .The study period was 18 weeks The primary outcome measure was 10 metre walking speed with secondary measures of walking speed, distance and effort over 3 minutes, quality of life measures and number of falls. The FES group showed an orthotic benefit on 10 metre walking speed but no lasting training effect. The exercise group showed a training effect over the whole study period. A similar pattern of improvement was shown in both groups in distance walked in 3 minutes but with a greater degree of benefit. There was a significant reduction in number of falls in both groups over the study period with a significantly greater reduction in the FES group. This study has shown that FES provides an effective orthosis in people with MS and has a significant role in preventing falls. Exercise has also been shown to be beneficial in providing a training effect Further work should investigate the combination of FES combined with exercise to achieve an optimum and longer lasting effect of therapy.
Johnston, T E; Lauer, R T; Smith, B T; Betz, R R
Physiologic responses to arm ergometry and leg FES ergometry in pediatric spinal cord injury Inproceedings
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 085, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_085,
title = {Physiologic responses to arm ergometry and leg FES ergometry in pediatric spinal cord injury},
author = {T E Johnston and R T Lauer and B T Smith and R R Betz},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_085_Johnston.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {085},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {This study examined the differences between heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption (VO2/kg) during upper extremity (UE) ergometry versus lower extremity ergometry using functional electrical stimulation (LE-FES) in children with spinal cord injury (SCI). Nine children with motor complete SCI were tested using UE and LE-FES ergometry. HR was measured by electrocardiography or by pulse oximetry, and VO2/kg was measured via breath-by-breath analysis using a metabolic cart. During each test, resistance or power output was increased every minute until fatigue occurred. A 2 x 2 ANOVA was used to compare HR and VO2/kg between UE and LE-FES ergometry and between children with SCI above T6 and at T6 or below. There was a greater change in HR (p<.0001) and VO2/kg (p=.029) during UE ergometry as compared to LE-FES ergometry for all children, and children with injuries at T6 or below had greater increases in HR (p=.018) and VO2/kg (p=.04) than children with injuries above T6. These findings are consistent with reported exercise effects in adults with SCI. This information is important due to the growing concern about the cardiovascular health of adults with SCI, and focus on the potential benefits of LE-FES assisted exercise. However, these same benefits have yet to be reported for children.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This study examined the differences between heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption (VO2/kg) during upper extremity (UE) ergometry versus lower extremity ergometry using functional electrical stimulation (LE-FES) in children with spinal cord injury (SCI). Nine children with motor complete SCI were tested using UE and LE-FES ergometry. HR was measured by electrocardiography or by pulse oximetry, and VO2/kg was measured via breath-by-breath analysis using a metabolic cart. During each test, resistance or power output was increased every minute until fatigue occurred. A 2 x 2 ANOVA was used to compare HR and VO2/kg between UE and LE-FES ergometry and between children with SCI above T6 and at T6 or below. There was a greater change in HR (p<.0001) and VO2/kg (p=.029) during UE ergometry as compared to LE-FES ergometry for all children, and children with injuries at T6 or below had greater increases in HR (p=.018) and VO2/kg (p=.04) than children with injuries above T6. These findings are consistent with reported exercise effects in adults with SCI. This information is important due to the growing concern about the cardiovascular health of adults with SCI, and focus on the potential benefits of LE-FES assisted exercise. However, these same benefits have yet to be reported for children.
Lee, S C K; Ding, J; Stackhouse, S K; Binder-Macleod, S A
A Predictive Model of Muscle Forces for Children with Cerebral Palsy Inproceedings
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 078, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_078,
title = {A Predictive Model of Muscle Forces for Children with Cerebral Palsy},
author = {S C K Lee and J Ding and S K Stackhouse and S A Binder-Macleod},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_078_Lee.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {078},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {This study represents preliminary work in testing our mathematical model's ability to predict isometric forces for children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (N=3, mean age 10.4 textpm 3.0 years). The model accounted for 87% and 91% of the variance in the shape of experimental forces produced by stimulation trains with mean frequencies ranging from 12.5 to 100 pps from the quadriceps femoris and triceps surae muscles, respectively. The ability of the model to predict forces suggests its use for the identification of optimal activation patterns during functional electrical stimulation and as a tool for investigating physiologic properties of CP muscle.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This study represents preliminary work in testing our mathematical model's ability to predict isometric forces for children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (N=3, mean age 10.4 textpm 3.0 years). The model accounted for 87% and 91% of the variance in the shape of experimental forces produced by stimulation trains with mean frequencies ranging from 12.5 to 100 pps from the quadriceps femoris and triceps surae muscles, respectively. The ability of the model to predict forces suggests its use for the identification of optimal activation patterns during functional electrical stimulation and as a tool for investigating physiologic properties of CP muscle.
Aizawa, T; Shimada, Y; Iwami, T; Nakamura, K; Matsunaga, T; Misawa, A; Ishikawa, Y; Itoi, E
A simulation model of FES for restoring hand grasp in hemiplegia Inproceedings
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 086, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_086,
title = {A simulation model of FES for restoring hand grasp in hemiplegia},
author = {T Aizawa and Y Shimada and T Iwami and K Nakamura and T Matsunaga and A Misawa and Y Ishikawa and E Itoi},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_086_Aizawa.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {086},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {Purpose: To develop a musculo-skeletal dynamic model for simulating hand grasp by means of FES in paretic hand. Methods: The skeletal model, which consisted of humerus, radius, ulna and bones of hand, was developed from CT data of. The muscle model, which had been designed by Hase, was developed about flexor carpi ulnaris, felxor carpi radialis, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis. These muscles had the physical properties that were different from muscle to muscle. In this study, the properties were obtained from the study written by Gregory et al. We installed the muscle model into the skeletal model on the three-dimensional analysis software "Visual Nastran". Except the wrist joint, the other joints were fixed in this model. We controlled the model by using the numerical analysis software "MATLAB". Results: We stimulated the extensors with muscle activator 0.4. We could confirm extension of the wrist. Conclusion: The wrist extension on the model suggested the tenodesis grasp in hemiplegic hand.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Purpose: To develop a musculo-skeletal dynamic model for simulating hand grasp by means of FES in paretic hand. Methods: The skeletal model, which consisted of humerus, radius, ulna and bones of hand, was developed from CT data of. The muscle model, which had been designed by Hase, was developed about flexor carpi ulnaris, felxor carpi radialis, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis. These muscles had the physical properties that were different from muscle to muscle. In this study, the properties were obtained from the study written by Gregory et al. We installed the muscle model into the skeletal model on the three-dimensional analysis software "Visual Nastran". Except the wrist joint, the other joints were fixed in this model. We controlled the model by using the numerical analysis software "MATLAB". Results: We stimulated the extensors with muscle activator 0.4. We could confirm extension of the wrist. Conclusion: The wrist extension on the model suggested the tenodesis grasp in hemiplegic hand.
Chadwick, E K; Kirsch, R F; Chae, J
Stiffness measurement of the glenohumeral joint Inproceedings
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 088, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_088,
title = {Stiffness measurement of the glenohumeral joint},
author = {E K Chadwick and R F Kirsch and J Chae},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_088_Chadwick.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {088},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {Shoulder pain in hemiplegia following stroke is common, and has been associated with subluxation in the gleno-humeral joint. It is hypothesised in the current study that dynamic stability is a more useful measure than subluxation when predicting pain, which will help in the optimisation of treatment options in this group (including neuromuscular stimulation). A system identification technique is used to characterise the dynamic properties of the glenohumeral joint. Random displacement perturbations are applied to the arm, and the force response is measured. Results show that the mechanical properties of the system could be reliably identified using this technique.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Shoulder pain in hemiplegia following stroke is common, and has been associated with subluxation in the gleno-humeral joint. It is hypothesised in the current study that dynamic stability is a more useful measure than subluxation when predicting pain, which will help in the optimisation of treatment options in this group (including neuromuscular stimulation). A system identification technique is used to characterise the dynamic properties of the glenohumeral joint. Random displacement perturbations are applied to the arm, and the force response is measured. Results show that the mechanical properties of the system could be reliably identified using this technique.
Han, D; Kuschner, D; Wang, Y F
A System for Limb Modeling, Position Sensing and Stimulation Control Inproceedings
In: Sawan, M (Ed.): pp. 089, IFESS_2005, Montreal, Canada, 2005.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity
@inproceedings{IFESS2005_089,
title = {A System for Limb Modeling, Position Sensing and Stimulation Control},
author = {D Han and D Kuschner and Y F Wang},
editor = {M Sawan},
url = {https://ifess.org/files/proceedings/IFESS2005/IFESS2005_089_Han.pdf},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-07-01},
pages = {089},
publisher = {IFESS_2005},
address = {Montreal, Canada},
abstract = {In this paper, a system is presented that has been developed for sensing, modeling and control of an upper extremity neural prosthesis. The sensing unit employs a computer vision approach wherein one or more video cameras are used to detect movement of the arm and provide the arm position information to a model. The model uses kinematics and dynamics simulation to control the stimulation and animation of the articulated links. The motion control unit integrates a priori knowledge from the trained model and the observed sensor input, smoothes the limb motion tracking results and delivers a feedback signal to guide or correct the sensing process. In our experiments we compared sensed elbow angle accuracy results between our computer vision based system and a commercial product, and showed the visualization of the arm model.},
keywords = {Gait, Posture & Upper Extremity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
In this paper, a system is presented that has been developed for sensing, modeling and control of an upper extremity neural prosthesis. The sensing unit employs a computer vision approach wherein one or more video cameras are used to detect movement of the arm and provide the arm position information to a model. The model uses kinematics and dynamics simulation to control the stimulation and animation of the articulated links. The motion control unit integrates a priori knowledge from the trained model and the observed sensor input, smoothes the limb motion tracking results and delivers a feedback signal to guide or correct the sensing process. In our experiments we compared sensed elbow angle accuracy results between our computer vision based system and a commercial product, and showed the visualization of the arm model.